CAMPANULACE^. (CAMPANULA FAMILY.) 225 



1. L. carnosula, Benth. Annual, rooting in the mud, glabrous, 1 to 5 

 inches high : leaves oblong-linear or lanceolate, entire, sessile, ^ to ^ inch 

 long: flowers axillary and above corymbose or racemose, long-podicelled. — 

 Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 444. Porterella rannilosa, 'J'orr., of Ilayd. Hep. 1872, 488. 

 Muddy borders of ponds and streams from the Califoruiau Sierras to Utah 

 and Wyoming. 



Order 44. CAWPAl^ULACEiE. (Campanula Family.) 



Like the Lobeliacea, but the corolla regular hell-sliapcd, the stamens 

 usually distinct and the capsule (in ours) 3-cclIe(l. — Flowers generally 

 blue and showy. 



1. Specularia. Caljrx-tube more or less elongated and narrow. Corolla short and broad, 



rotate when expanded. Capsule prismatic or elongated. 



2. Campanula. Calyx-tube short and broad. Corolla generally bell-shaped. Capsule 



mostly short. 



1. SPECULARIA, Heister. Venus's Lookixg-glass. 



Flowers dimorphous ; the earlier ones smaller, with undeveloped corolla, 

 and a 3 or 4-lobed calyx. The calyx-lobes of the later corolliferous fl(jwers 5. 

 Capsule with valvular openings either near the summit or near the middle. — 

 Annuals, with leafy slender stems, and sessile flowers. Corolla blue or 

 purplish. 



1. S. leptocarpa, Gray. Minutely hirsute or nearly glabrous: stems a 

 span or two high, virgate, mostly simple or branched from the base : leaves 

 lanceolate: capsule nearli/ cylindrical, ^ to f inch long, inclined to curve and 

 rarely to twist, opening by one or two uplifted valves near the summit : the low- 

 est also often splitting longitudinally from the summit: seeds oblong. — I'roc. 

 Am. Acad. xi. 82. Arkansas to W. Texas and Colorado. 



2. S. perfoliata, A. DC. Stems 8 to 20 inches high, very leafy through- 

 out, hirsute or hispid on the angles : leaves round-cordate and clasping, mostly 

 crenate, veiny : flowers single or clustered in the axils : capsule oblong or 

 somewhat obconical; the 2 or Z \d\y\x\?iY openings at or below the middle: the 

 capsule not disposed to split : seeds lenticular. — From Colorado to Utah and 

 Oregon, also throughout the States eastward. 



2. CAMPANULA, Tourn. Bell-flowkr, IIarkukll. 



Flowers all alike and corolliferous. Filaments dilated at base. Capsule 

 opening on the sides or near the base by 3 to 5 small uplifted valves or jier- 

 forations. — Flowers blue or white. Ours have naked sinuses to the calyx. 

 * Capsule opening near or at the summit, erect: low and usually \-Jiowered alpine 

 or subalpine plantr. 



1. C. Uniflora, L. Chiefly glabrous, 1 to 4 inches high, /rowi a stout 

 several-headed mutsfnrl- : leaves small, an inch or less long, thickish. rwf/rr or 

 nearly so ; the lowest spatulate or oblong, obtuse ; upj)ormost linear: tlnrers 

 4 ^0 6 lines in length, mostly horizontal : calyx-tube nearly as long as tlie lol>e9, 



15 



