806 CHENOPODIACE^. (GOOSEFOOT FAMILY.) 



Order 65. CHENOPODIACE^. (Goosefoot Family.) 



Herbs or shrubs, often succulent or scurfy, usually with simple and 

 alternate leaves, without stipules ; the small and sessile commonly clus- 

 tered flowers either naked or with herbaceous (not scarious) bracts, a 

 perianth of 5 or fewer usually herbaceous and persistent sepals ; stamens 

 as many as the sepals and opposite, distinct, with 2-celled anthers; 

 ovary 1 -celled, an akene or utricle in fruit. Flowers perfect or unisexual. 

 Bracts often enclosing the fruit. — Watson, Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 82. 



§ 1. Flowers perfect, without bracts ; the perianth persistent : seed free, mostly with 



crustaceous testa. 



* Seeds horizontal (sometimes vertical in Ckenopodium). 



1. Kocliia. Perianth 5-cleft, at length transversely winged., enclosing the fruit. Testa 



membranous. Perennial, with terete leave.s and axillary fiowers. 



2. Cyclolonia. Perianth 5-cleft, in fruit surrounded by a horizontal continuous mem- 



branaceous wing. Annual, much-branched, with sinuate-toothed petioled leaves and 

 small panicled clusters of sessile flowers. 



3. Chenopodium. Perianth usually 5-cleft or -parted, nearly covering the fruit. Sta- 



mens 5, 1, or none. Annuals, mostly mealy or glandular, with clustered or solitary 

 axillary or terminal flowers. Seeds often vertical 

 * * Seeds vertical. 



4. Monolepis. Sepal 1, bract-like. Stamen 1. Fruit naked. Low annuals ; flowers 



densely clustered in the axUs. 

 §2. Flowers monoecious or dioecious-, the staminate with 3 to 5-cleft perianth; the pis- 

 tillate without perianth, enclosed in a pair of more or less united bracts : seed free, 

 vertical. 



♦ Bracts compressed : testa mostly coriaceous. 



5. Atriplex. Fruiting liraets with margins often dilated and sides often muricate. Radi- 



cle from inferior. to superior. 



« * Bracts obcompressed, completely united, not muricate : testa membranous. 



G. Grayia. Pericarp naked, very entire, orbicular, flattened, wing-margined. Radicle 



inferior. Flowers difiecious. Shrubby, frequently spinescent, nearly glabrous. 



7. Suckleya. Pericarp naked, subhastate, with crested margins and 2-toothed apex. 



Radiele superior. Flowers monoecious. 



8. Eurotia. Pericarp conical, densely hairy, turgid, not winged, with a bifid apex. Radi- 



cle inferior. Flowers dioecious. Low and shrubby, white-tomentose. 



§ 3. Flowers perfect, without bracts : sepals 1 to 3, hyaline, marcescent : pericarp adhe- 

 rent to the vertical seed. 



9. Corisperinum. Fruit compressed-elliptic, acutely margined, not muricate. Flowers 



spicate. Low annual. 

 § 4. Flowers mostly perfect, immersed by threes in the depressions of a close cylindrical 

 spike : seeds vertical : fleshy saline plants, with jointed stems and scale-like leaves. 



10. Salicornia. Flower-clusters decussately opposite. Perianth saccate, becoming 



spongy. Branches opposite. 



§ 5. Embryo spiral (annular in all other sections) : leaves fleshy, terete : stems not articu- 

 lated. 



11. Sarcobatus. Flowers unisexual; the staminate in aments, without perianth; the 



pistillate axillary, solitary, with saccate perianth. Fruit trausversely winged. Saline 

 shrub, somewhat spinescent. 



12. Suseda. Flowers perfect, axillary. Perianth 5-cleft or -parted. Saline herbs, o; 



woody at base. 



