'^YPERACE^. (sedge FAMILY.) 867 



3. S. Olneyi, Gray. Stem 3-wing-angled, with deepli/ excavated sides, 2 to 

 7 feet liigli, tlie u])per sheath bearing a short trianfjular leaf or none: spikes 

 6 to 12, closely capitate, overtopped by tlie short iuvolucral leaf: scales orbicu- 

 lar, smooth, mucrouate-pointed : anthers with a ver>/ short and blunt minitteli/ 

 bearded tip. — PI. Lindh. 30. Across the southern part of the coutineut and 

 northward along the Atlantic seaboard. 



■M- -M. Stem terete, verxj tall and stout, naked : sheaths at the base bearing a short 

 and imperfect leaf or none: spikes rust;) or chestnut-brown, numerous and 

 clustered in a. one-sided compound umbel-like panicle, the principal rai/s of which 

 mostlji surpass the involucral leaf: scales wi, h a salient midrib extending into 

 a mncronate point. 



4. S. lacustris, L. Stem 3 to 9 feet high, scales ciliate: akene pale and 

 dull, obovate witli a narrowed base, usually overtopped by the 4 to 6 slender 

 downwardly barbed bristles. — S. validns, Yahl. Common in fresh-water 

 ponds throughout the Atlantic States, and extending westward to the moun- 

 tains. 



Var. OCCidentalis, Watson. Scales often pubescent, especially on the 

 midvein, usually pale with line brown lines : bristles not exserted : akene 

 broadly obovate, terminating abruptly in a rather short beak. — Bot. Calif, 

 ii. 218. From Texas and Colorado to British Columbia and the Pacific 

 coast. Known as "Tule." 



■*-•*-•(- Spikes clustered in simple or mostly compound umbellate or ci/ynose- 

 panicled clusteis, manij-flowered, terete : involucre of mostly several obvious 

 and fat leaves: stems tall, triangular, leafj. 



*+ Spikes large : midrib of the scales extended beyond the mostly lacerate or 2-clejl 

 apex into a distinct awn. 

 6. S. maritimus, L. Leaves flat, linear, as long as the stout stem (1 to 

 3 feet high), those of the involucre 1 to 4, very unequal : spikes few to several 

 in a sessile cluster, often also with 1 to 4 unequal rays : awns of the scale soon 

 recurved : akene obovate-orbicular, compressed, fat on one side, convex or obtuse- 

 angled on the other, minutely pointed, shining, longer than the bristles. — In salt 

 marshes everywhere across the continent. 



6. S. fluviatilis, Gray. Stem stouter and taller ; leaves flat, broadly 

 linear, the upper and those of the very lorg involucre much exceeding the 

 compound umbel: rays 5 to 9, elongated, recurved-spreading : scales less lacerate 

 and their awns less recurved : akene obovate, sharply and exactly triangular, 

 conspicuously pointed, dull, scarcely equalling the bristles. — Borders of lakes 

 and streams from W. Vermont to Illinois and Wisconsin, and extending into 

 our range at its northeastern border. 



•M- •*-*■ Spikes very numerous, small: scales mucronate-pointed or blunt: umbel-like 

 cymose panicle irregular, compound or decompound : stem tall and very leafy: 

 bristles very slender and of en more or less tortuous and naked below. 



7. S. sylvatieus, L. Spikes lead-colored, 3 to \0 in a cluster at the end 

 of the mostly slender ultimate divisions of the open decompound panicle : scides 

 bluntish: bristles 6 and downwardly barbed throughout: akene angled on the 

 back, short-pointed : style 3-cleft. 



