CYPERACE.E. (8EDGE FAMILY.) 375 



S. Dak., and probably generally distril)uted northward. A variable species; 

 spikes usually brown or dark purple, sometimes whitish, the pistillate varying 

 in size from an inch long to very small and almost abortive. A form with 

 rigid leaves, a single whitish j)istillate spike with large pcrigynia and borne 

 at the base of the staminate sjjike, has considerable resemblance to forms of 

 C.Jili/olia. Ivadical si)ikes sometimes occur. 



7. C. Emmonsii, Dew. Denselj cespitose : culms mom/, veri/ slender^ 

 about equalling the narroio sojl leaves: staminate spike very small, 1 to 4 lines 

 long, often nearly concealed by the pistillate spikes, which are 2 to 5, sjnall, 3 to 

 9-flowered, yjreen, the lower usually short-bracted, very closely agyregated at the 

 top of the culm, occasionally 1 or 2 of the lower a little remote or rarely on a 

 radical peduncle : perigynium small, uarrowly oval or ovate and more or less 

 .3-sided, with a conspicuous more or less toothed beak. — C. Novce-Anylice, 

 var. Emmonsii, Carey. Indian Territory {Geo. D. Butler) and southward. 

 Readily distinguished by its closely aggregated green spikes. 



H- -t- Culms mostly shorter than the leaves : spikes looser flowered and more scat- 

 tered, often radical. 



8. C. Novae- An glise, Schw., var. Rossii, Bailey. Culms few, 3 to 6 inches 

 high, nearly or about the length of the narrou and straight leaves: pistillate spikes 

 few, 1 to i-floirered, linear and upright, light colored : perigipna loosely alternate 

 on a zigzag rhachis, ovoid, the flattened mostly cut- toothed beak either longer 

 or shorter than the body. — C. Rossii, Boott. Frequent from New Mexico 

 {Fendler, 889) to the mountains of Colorado and Utah; also in British 

 Columbia. The species occurs in "Washington and northward and eastward 

 in British America. It is distinguished by a weaker liabit, and darker colored 

 and more aggi-egated spikes. 



9. C. umbellata, Sclik. Rootstock stout, mostly horizontal : culms many, 

 mostly very short and crowded and concealed among the leaves, sometimes 3 to 4 

 inches long : leaves many, generally short, stiff and curved, sometimes weak and 

 strag;;ling and 6 inches long : staminate spike | inch or less long, not usually dis' 

 tinct and conspicuous : pistillate spike usually crowded among the bases of the leaves, 

 sometimes one or more of them exserted and clustered with the staminate 

 spike: perigynium globose-elliptic, more or less flattened, produced into a 

 flattened toothed beak as long as the body. — Indian Territory ; and common 

 eastward. 



Var. brevirostris, Boott. Beak much shorter and minutely toothed, the 

 perigynium rounder or somewhat 3-sided. — MogoUon Mountains, New Mexico, 

 and near Golden City, Colorado {E. L. Greene) ; also in California and British 

 America. 



§3. Spikes androgynous, staminate above: pistillate flowers few, often remote, 

 usually on a more or las zigzag rhachis: scales prolonged and leaf like (scari- 

 ous and often short in No. 10) : perigynium smooth, or slightly hispid above, 

 mostly tightly enclosing the achenium, the beak, if any, straight. — Piivllo- 

 STACHYs,! Carey. 



> A peculiar section, including one Caucasian and five American species which fall into 

 two well-marked groups. The sect'on is connected with the Montana' throu;:h the Brae- 

 teat(e, and with the Old World Depauperatw, and through that group with the Laxijlorce, by 

 C. Gcyeri. 



