CYPERACE^. (SEDGK FAMILY.; 381 



§ 8. Staminate spikes one or more : pistillate spikes two to several, stout, erect, 

 mostli/ shortlji peduncled, sonieichat squarrose or comose in appearance: pert' 

 gynium thick in texture, hairi/, more or less spreading, distinctlj and stoutly 

 straight-heaked, the teeth short: scales prominent. — Lasiocarp^, Fries. 

 Stout, mostly tall species, in wet or grassy places. Our species falls 

 uuder the group Lanuginosce, Carey. 



30. C. filiformis, L., var. latifolia, Beklr. IStolouiferous : culms 1 to 

 2^ feet high, strong : leaves flat 1 to 2 lines hroad, ahout the length or longer 

 than the culm: staminate spikes I to 3, the lower small and aggregated at the 

 hase of the terminal one : pistillate spikes 1 to 4, remote, sessile or nearly so, 

 or the lower peduncled, f to 2 inches long, often loosely flowered at the biise : 

 bracts leaf-like, usually much exceeding tlM3 culm, the upper slieathless: peri- 

 gyuium ovate or shortly ovoid, abruptly contracted into a very short, erect, 

 divergently and very shortly toothed beak : scales ovate, purple, acute or cus- 

 pidate, shorter or longer than the turgid and densely hairy perigynium. — 

 C. lanuginosa, Michx. C. pellita, Muhl. Throughout, in wet and swampy 

 places. 



Var. gematorhyncha, W. Boott, is a form with purple beaks : scarcely 

 distinct from the last variety. — C. cematorhyncha, Desv. Jordan Valley, 

 Utah (Sereno Watson). 



The species may be expected in Montana. It is distinguished by its filiform 

 and involute leaves. 



§ 9. Staminate spike mostly single: pistillate spikes 2 to 4, short, oblong or globu- 

 lar, sessile or nearly so, erect, compactly Jloicered, in our species approximate 

 at the top of the culm and subtended by long and leafy bracts : perigynium 

 smooth, nerved, conspicuously beaked, not prominently toothed. — Spirosta- 

 CHY^, Drojer. Kather slender species. 



31. C. flava, L. Culm slender, 4 to 18 inches high, smooth, longer than 

 the narrow stem leaves: bracts much longer than the culm, leaf-like, very 

 shortly sheathed : staminate spike short, mostly sessile : perigynium shining, 

 yellowish, reflexed at maturity, twice the length of the scale. — ^leadows 

 and wet places, Hudson Bay Creek, Montana ( W. M. Canby), and north- 

 ward. (Eu.) 



§ 10. Staminate spikes two or more, long-stalked : pistillate spikes 2 to several, 

 usually all peduncled, long and heavy, loosely flowered, erect or nodding: peri- 

 gynium (urge, thick in texture, strongly nerved, hairy or smooth, produced into 

 a long beak which terminates in very conspicuous awl-like erect or spreading 

 teeth. — EciiixosTACiiYiE, Drejer. Coarse species. 



32. C. trichocarpa, Muhl., var. aristata, Bailey. Culms very stout, 

 sharply angled : sheaths and under side of the leaves sparsely hairy : stami- 

 nate spikes 3 to 8, usually considerably separated ; the scales very long, loose 

 and pointed : pistillate spikes 2 to 3 inches long, 5 lines or more broad, 

 upright, scattered, loosely flowered at the base: perigynium very strongly 

 nerved, smooth, ovate-lanceolate, terminated by very conspicuous divaricate, 

 smooth and slender teeth (which are 1^ to 2 lines long), usually longer than 

 the rough-awned scale. — C. aristata, R. Br. C. mirata. Dew. Bogs and 

 creeks, Utah { Watson, L. F. Ward) ; to British America. 



