GRAMINE^. (grass FAMILY.) 397 



winged, nerved, rough on the margins, contracted into a heak scarcehf as long as 

 the bod I/, the whole not longer than the thin-margined scale. — Colorado, Utah, and 

 northward. (Eu.) 



85. C. Liddoni, Boott. Culm erect or nearhj so: spikes 3 to 6, obovoid or 

 oblong, [Xfinted, erect, chaff ij at the base, conspicuonsl g J'tilroits in color, contiguous, 

 or looselg aggregated into an oblong head (about an iiidi long) : perig>/iiium large 

 and conspicuous, greenish or taa-ng,Jirm in texture, lanceolate (4 to 6 lines long), 

 thrice as long as the elliptic brown achenium, few-nerved when mature, rough on 

 the narrowlg icinged and incurved margins, very gradually beaked, about the 

 length of the acute and thin-margined scale. — C. adusta, var. congesta, W. Boott. 

 Mostly at high altitudes, South Park, Colorado (John Wolfe), and Montana 

 (F. L. Srribner) ; said to occur in Arizona. 



86. C. adusta, Boott, var. minor, Boott. Culm very slender towards 

 the top, weak and nodding at maturitg, erect when young: leaves narrow, 

 verij long-pointed : spikes all silver g brown, long-attenuated at the base, the lower 

 rather remote: periggnium thin and paper g, ovate-lanceolate, nearlg nen^eless. 

 — C. pratensis, Drejer. South Park, Colorado {John Wolfe) ; also in British 

 America. 



87. C. Straminea, Schk. Culms erect, 1 to 2 feet high, mostlg stiff, much 

 longer than the erect long-pointed stem4eaves: spikes 3 to 8, all distinct, ovoid or 

 globose, tawng or straw-colored, mostly approximate at the top of the culm: 

 periggnium orbicular or ovate-orbicular, often cordate at base, few-nerved, thin, verg 

 widelg winged, spreading, abruptlg contracted into a smooth or nearly smooth beak 

 x-yhich is not longer than the bodg, much wider and usually longer than the acute 

 scale. — C. festucacea, Schk. Yars.festucacea and aperta, Boott. Dry banks. 

 New Mexico (Fewc?/er), Uintas, Northern Utah ( IFafson), Colorado {Vaseg), 

 Bitter Root Valley, Western Montana ( Watso7i), and eastward ; also in British 

 America. 



Var. tcnera, Boott. Top of the culm slender and somewhat nodding : spikes 

 more tawny. — C. tenera, Dew. Indian Territory ( Geo. D. Butler). 



Order 88. GRAIWINE^. (Grass Family.) 



Grasses, with usually hollow stems (ciilms) closed at the joints, alter- 

 nate 2- ranked leaves, their sheaths split or open on the side opposite 

 the blade; the hypogynous flowers imbricated with 2-ranktHl glumes 

 or bracts; the outer pair {glumes i)r(»per) subtending the spikelot of 

 one or several flowers ; the inner jmuy (Jlowering glume and palet) en- 

 closing each particular flower, which is usually furnished with 2 or 

 3 minute hypogynous scales. Stamens 1 to 6, mostly 3: anthers 

 versatile. Styles 2 or 2-parted: stigmas hairy or plumose. Ovary 

 1-celled, l-ov'iled, forming a seed-like grain in fruit. — Roots fibrous. 

 Sheaths of the leaves more or loss extended above the base of the 

 blade into a scarious appendage (ligule). See Vasey's Descriptive Cata- 

 logue of U. S. Grasses. 



