54 REPRESENTATIVE PLANTS 



rich land (rent J? 25 per year) to commercial onions, paying 

 also $15 for seed and $100 for labor. The rows were 

 16 in. apart, and he harvested three large spherical onions, 

 3 in. in diameter from every foot of the row. He sold his 

 crop for $1 per bushel. AVhat was his approximate net 

 return for the venture ? 



4. The Erythronium, Do(t-tooth " Violet " or Adder's 

 Tongue, (a Typical " Lily ") 



Where found. The Dog-tooth ''Violets" are common 

 l)lants in moist woodhmds, particularly near streams, and are 

 beautiful types of the great Lily family and are introduced 

 to familiarize the student further with this noted plant group. 



The plant. Examine an entire plant and especially the 

 part that grows below the surface. What name do you 

 apply to this ? Study the leaves as to their shape, number, 

 color, and venation. Parallel venation is one of the charac- 

 teristics of the monocotyledons. 



Observe that the flower is borne on a naked stalk or scape. 

 What is the color and what the position of the flower (erect 

 or nodding) ? 



Draw the entire plant in such a position as to show the 

 leaves and the parts of the flower. 



Flower. Examine the flower and determine the four 

 kinds of structures named under the Trillium. 



How do these parts compare in number and color with 

 the similar named part of that plant ? Observe that in both 

 Trillium and Erythronium the ovary stands above the 

 insertion of the sepals on the top of the flower stalk or 

 pedun-cle. (This point is the receptacle.) Such a position for 

 the ovary is designated as ovary superior. In this flower 

 how can you distinguish the sepals from the petals ? Com- 

 pare with a tulip. Draw a plan of the flower, by represent- 

 ing the petals and sepals by curved lines, the stamens by 



