104 REPRESENTATIVE PLANTS 



Movement of cytoplasm. Look in particular for any 

 movement of the cytoplasm, especially near the clear ends 

 of the crescent form, Closterium ; this feature is cell 

 circulation. Look for any movement of the entire cell. 

 This is quite often manifest. If observed, watch carefully 

 for some time to see if you can discover the method. 



Reproduction. Look for cells in the process of division, 

 the common method of reproduction. Occasionally, conju- 

 gation of two individuals occurs. Consult reference books. 



Drawings. Make drawings showing different forms you 

 have seen, also any other features o))served. 



Use of plant. Of what use may these small plants be 

 in the economy of nature ? (The economic importance.) 



Classification. The three algae last enumerated, and studies 

 of which are given, are related forms and belong to a group 

 of algae called the Conjugate. This introduces to your atten- 

 tion the arrangement of all plants in groups, large or small, 

 and this arrangement is called classification. 



The group names commonly used are, from the highest to 

 the lowest, as follows ; kingdom, branch, class, order, family, 

 genus, species, and finally the individual. The scientific 

 name ( used the world over for accurate designation) consists 

 of the genus and species names, the latter written after the 

 former. From time to time you will be given appropriate 

 examples to familiarize you with such names, and to learn 

 their value in the description of plants. ( See spirogyra.) 



Type 8. Cladophora^ 



Habitat. This is one of the most common of all algae, 

 being abundant in ponds, ditches and on rocks in streams 

 and brooks, and on rocks and piling of the Great Lakes. It 

 is also found in ocean water. It is of the easiest culture in 

 aquaria. 



1 Branch bearing. 



