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CHAPTER XL 



GUIDANCE AND CONTROL. 



To Start into the Walk from the Halt — Riding at the Walk — Collecting a 

 Horse— To Trot— To Canter— To Gallop— To Pull Up— To Change from One 

 Pace into Another — To Turn a Horse at the Halt — To Turn a Horse during 

 Movement — To Passage — Swerving — To Rein Back — Going Up or Down 

 Hill — Swimming a Horse — Picking up Objects from the Ground when on 

 Horseback. 



I HAVE taken for granted that readers of this chapter have 

 studied Chapters IIL and X., in which, to save repetition, I 

 have explained several points that I shall again allude to in 

 this one. 



The instructions in this chapter are given on the supposition 

 that both hands are on the reins. 



TO START INTO THE WALK FROM THE HALT. 



The rider should feel the reins and apply the legs so as 

 to send the horse up to the bridle and make him go on. He 

 may also give the animal a signal with the voice to start. 



RIDING AT THE WALK. 

 When a horse walks at ease, he does not require to lift his 

 feet off the ground so high as at faster paces ; consequently 

 he brings his head lower down, which action facilitates his 

 forward movement by increasing the instability of his equili- 

 brium. As the suspensory ligament of the head and neck 

 (which ligament extends from the withers to the poll) is 

 elastic, the more the head is brought down, the longer will 



