DISEASES FOLLOWING PARTURITION. 235 



matter at a point formerly hard. The wound may bleed freely, and 

 there is a risk of opening a milk duct, yet relief will be obtained ; also 

 a dressing twice daily with a lotion of carbolic acid 1 part, water 20 

 parts, and glycerin 1 part will suffice to keep the wound clean and 

 healthy. 



Gangrene of the affected part is often fatal. It demands antisep- 

 tics (chlorid of zinc, 1 dram to 1 quart water) applied frequently to 

 the part, or, if the case can not be attended, smear the affected quar- 

 ter with Venice turpentine, melted, or even wood tar. Antiseptic 

 tonics (tincture of chlorid of iron, 4 drams) may also be given four 

 times daily in a quart of water. 



CONTAGIOUS MAMMITIS (CONTAGIOUS INFLAMMATION OF THE 



UDDER). 



As stated in the last article, that form of inflammation of the udder 

 which attacks the gland ducts and follicles, causing deep-seated, hard, 

 nodular swellings, is often contagious. Franck has demonstrated 

 this by injecting into the milk ducts in different cows (milking and 

 dry) the pus from the bags of cows affected with mammitis, or the 

 liquids of putrid flesh, or putrid blood, and in every case he produced 

 acute inflammation of the gland tissue within twenty-four hours. 

 He thinks that in ordinary conditions the septic germ gains access by 

 propagating itself through the milk, filling the milk canal and oozing 

 from the external orifice. He points to this as a reason why dry cows 

 escape tlie malady, though mingling freely with the sufferers, and 

 why such dry cows do not suffer from inflammation of the gland tis- 

 sue when attacked with foot-and-mouth disease. In this last case it is 

 evident that it is not simply the inoculation with the milker's hand 

 that is lacking, for the skin of the bag is attacked, but not its secret- 

 ing, glandular parts. Now that in any case of abscess we look for the 

 cause in the chain forms of globular bacteria {Streptococcus pyog- 

 enes)^ in the cluster form of white, globular bacteria {Staphylococ- 

 cus pyogenes albus)^ and in the golden and citron-yellow forms of 

 clustered globular bacteria {Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus and 

 Staphylococcus pyogenes citreus), the formation of pus gives pre- 

 sumptive evidence of the action of one or more of these germs. So in 

 cases of mortification of the bag ; in the very occurrence there is fair 

 circumstantial evidence of the presence of erysipelas micrococcus or 

 other germ which kills the local tissues. Again, in tuberculosis 

 affecting the bag (a not uncommon condition), the active local cause 

 is without doubt the tubercle bacillus. 



It has been found that false membranes have formed in certain 

 cases of mammitis in the cow, and Klein, after inoculating the diph- 

 theria of man on the cow, found an ulcerous sore in the seat of inoc- 

 ulation and blisters on the teats and udder, in which he found what 



