TUMORS AFFECTING CATTLE. 309 



the blood vessels in the gland accompanied with pulsation with each 

 heart beat (vascular goiter). 



Symptoms. — Goiter may be observed at the side of the throat, 

 reaching the size of a fist or even larger, or it may hang down below 

 the windpipe. In cattle the two thyroid glands are close together, 

 and when the disease affects both there may be but one uniform swell- 

 ing placed in front of the windpipe below the angle of the jaw. This 

 swelling may be hard, soft, or doughy in consistence, and with each 

 beat of the heart it may pulsate like an artery. It may cause labored 

 breathing by pressure on the windpipe, and death may result from 

 pressure on this structure, on the gullet, or on the adjoining large 

 vessels. 



Treatment. — In young animals the treatment is usually satisfac- 

 tory, and consists in giving the animal a complete change of feed and 

 plenty of exercise in the open air. If the condition appears enzootic 

 in the district, remove the animal to another location when possible, 

 lodin, either in the form of ointment or the tincture, should be ap- 

 plied to the swelling. Injections of iodin solution, 5 grains of iodin 

 in 1 dram of 25 per cent alcohol, may also be made into the substance 

 of the gland. When the swelling which follows this injection has 

 subsided it may be repeated. Potassium iodid should be giA'en 

 internally in 1^-dram doses twice daily for a cow, or in 20-grain doses 

 twice a day for a calf. Extirpation of all but a small section of the 

 swelling may be successfully accomplished by a qualified veterinarian, 

 but if it should be entirely removed, myxedema and death follow. 



FIBROMA. 



Fibromas are tumors made up chiefly of connective tissue and are 

 usually confined to the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Indurative 

 fibromas of the skin appear as tumors of gelatinous connective tissue 

 or as firm, white vascular connective tissue growths, wdiich are more 

 or less sharply outlined, move readily over the underlying tissues in 

 company with the skin, and owe their origin to mechanical injuries, 

 perforating wounds, repeated abrasions, or the invasion of pus cocci 

 or botryomyces into the tissues. 



These tumors in cattle are frequently found upon the dewlap as 

 solid lumps, hard as stone to the touch, lying loosely between the 

 layers of skin, and gradually losing themselves in the softer tissues of 

 the neck above, or as smooth, hard tumors of glistening white sub- 

 stance with interlacing lines of softer tissue. They may also be found 

 in the region of the knee or at the elbow. The skin over the growths, 

 in accordance with the originating cause, will be found chafed, cov- 

 ered with scabs, or even ulcerated and accompanied with collateral 

 edema. 



