362 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



chlorin gas liberated from the chlorid of lime by crude carbolic 

 acid. This is accomplished by making a cone of 5 or 6 pounds of 

 chlorid of lime, in the top of Avhich a deep crater is made for the 

 placement of from 1 to 2 pints of crude acid. The edge of the crater 

 is thereupon pushed into the fluid, when a lively reaction follows. 

 The fumes of chlorin are strongly irritating to the respiratory tract 

 and therefore all live stock should be removed before the work is 

 started. Owing to the heat generated, it is advisable to place the 

 lime in an iron crucible and to have nothing inflammable within a 

 radius of 2 feet. The number and location of these cones of chlorid 

 of lime depend on the size and structure of the building to be dis- 

 infected. As a rule, it may be stated that chlorin gas liberated from 

 the above-sized cone will be sufficient for disinfecting 5,200 cubic feet 

 of air space. 



(3) Crude carbolic acid. The ordinary purified carbolic acid is too 

 expensive to be used on a large scale, and the crude produce is a very 

 good substitute. This is made more powerful by mixing with it an 

 equal volume of commercial sulphuric acid. While the sulphuric acid 

 is being added to the crude carbolic acid much heat is evolved, and if 

 the glass jar in which the two are mixed is placed in cold water 

 the resulting product is said to have a higher disinfecting power. 

 The mixture is added to water enough to make a 5 per cent solution 

 (about 7 ounces to 4 quarts of water). This is strong enough for 

 all purposes. It may be kept in wood or glass, but not in metal, 

 owing to the corroding action of the acid. It should be used freely 

 on woodwork and on infected flooi^, and a force pump of the kind 

 used by orchardists is very convenient as a means of applying the 

 disinfectant. If the solution is warm when applied, it will pene- 

 trate the woodwork better than when cold, especially if the spraying 

 is done during cold weather. The addition of air-slaked lime in any 

 quantity that will dissolve in water to the above solution (say 1| 

 pounds of lime to 7 ounces of crude carbolic acid to each gallon of 

 Avater) is preferred by many, as it makes any neglected places at once 

 ■visible and leaves cleaner and better air within the buildings. In 

 most cases in which its application becomes desirable — and this rule 

 should apply to all disinfections — the disinfected stables, stalls, etc., 

 should remain vacant as long as possible before cattle are again 

 stabled therein. 



(4) Mercuric chlorid, or corrosive sublimate, is a powerful disin- 

 fectant, but it is likewise very poisonous ; hence its uses are limited. 

 Cattle are especially susceptible to its action and caution must be 

 used in its application. A solution of one-tenth of 1 per cent is 

 usually sufficient (1 ounce to 8 gallons of water). It should not be 

 placed in Avooden jiails, which would form the tannate of mercury, 

 a weak antiseptic; nor, owing to its corrosive action, should expen- 



