494 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



to lots Nos. 2 and 3 at intervals of 20 days. After the cattle have 

 spent the required time in lots Nos. 1 and 2, if it is found after a 

 careful examination made bj'' some one familiar with such work that 

 the cattle are free of ticks, they may be turned directly into field 

 No. 3A. If they are not free they should be placed in lot No. 3 

 until they are free, or, if this can not be determined with certainty, 

 until 15 or 20 days more have elapsed, which will be much longer 

 than ncessary for all ticks to drop during July and August. 



If desirable, the corn in each lot may be cut and removed before 

 the cattle are placed in it. As soon as possible after the cattle are 

 removed from a lot the female ticks and eggs present on the ground 

 should be plowed under and the ground along the fence sprayed 

 with crude petroleum or some other disinfectant to prevent any seed 

 ticks which may hatch from getting beyond the area of the lot. 

 Another valuable precaution will be to use for feed, so far as pos- 

 sible, the corn opposite or in advance of the lot in which the cattle 

 are located, as this is less liable to harbor seed ticks. 



The pasture will be free of ticks by November 1, and the cattle 

 may then be returned there if desired. The herd may, however, be 

 kept on field No. 3A as long after that date as the forage lasts, or, 

 in case of a shortage of feed before November 1, it ma)'' be moved 

 to either field No. 2 or 4, provided one of them is ready for pastur- 

 age. These fields may be used for fall and winter pasturage in any 

 way that may be found desirable. 



DIPPING, SPRAYING, AND HAND DRESSING. 



Ticlvs upon cattle may be destroyed by using various " tickicides," 

 such as oils, arsenic, etc. These may be applied in three ways, 

 namely, by hand, by the use of spray pumps, and by means of the 

 dipping vat. 



Hand application is practicable only when a few animals are to be 

 treated. The substances of value in this method are a mixture of 

 lard and kerosene, cotonseed oil, or a half-and-half mixture of 

 cottonseed oil and kerosene, and finally, crude petroleum. Any of 

 these may be applied with a mop or a good-sized paint brush, but 

 unless great pains are taken this method of treatment is not thor- 

 ough, and even at the best some portions of the body where ticks 

 may be located will be missed. If crude petroleum is used, care must 

 be observed in its application, as cattle are liable to be injured by it, 

 particularly in hot weather. 



Spraying is advisable only in cases in which there are but a few 

 animals to be treated, and when impossible to obtain facilities for 

 dipping them. The arsenical mixture or the crude petroleum or 



