THE HATCHING APPARATUS. 17 



filth which may have come in through floods or other 

 causes. One inch clear from the bottom should 

 always be allowed for these purposes. 



These trays should be well washed in hot water to 

 remove grease, dried, and painted with silicate paint 

 before use. 



Spouts of lead pipe are usually used for the outlets ; 

 they should be of ample size for the work that they 

 have to do ; this, however, like so many other things, 

 must be left to the judgment of the person erecting an 

 establishment. Some use tin spouts leading to a tin 

 receiver. 



Light wooden covers should be provided to exclude 

 the light ; or frames of wood, covered with blue calico 

 may be used, one answering as well as the other ; 

 they must, in any case, be so arranged as not to inter- 

 fere with the influx or the efflux of the water. 



In the early days of pisciculture all used gravel, 

 which had to be boiled, and then was not safe from 

 fungus, of which more will be said hereafter. That 

 pernicious system has been almost, if not entirely, 

 given up by those who wish to attain the best results. 



In addition to his other apparatus, the fish-breeder 

 will require a few (one or two) glass tubes for moving 

 and examining eggs and fry. No description need be 

 given of them, as they can be obtained at the Cray 

 Fishery. They are used as follows : The tube is 

 lightly held by the third and fourth fingers of the right 

 hand, in such a manner that the thumb can easily 

 close the end ; the thumb being pressed on the end, 

 the bent part is thrust gently into the water towards 

 the eggs or fry to be lifted. The thumb is then sud- 

 denly removed from the end of the tube for a moment, 



