PROPAGATION BY SINGLE BUDS. 33 



two ; but so soon as the buds push above ground, then 

 the air should be kept more confined, to prevent a too 

 great evaporation from the leaves as they expand. The 

 same care in regard to watering should be given as when 

 grown in the propagating house ; also shade the young 

 plants in a similar manner. We do not want to exclude 

 light so much as we do to avoid the direct rays of the sun 

 while the leaves are small and the plants are forming roots. 

 Give the plants air by lifting one end of the sash a few 

 inches whenever the weather is fine, and the thermometer 

 goes above 90 or 95. The atmosphere should be con- 

 stantly humid, but do not- so saturate the soil as to cause 

 the plants to rot or mildew ; also avoid sudden changes 

 from extreme heat to cold, for a change of 30 to 40 will 

 most surely give a check to the growth, and this is almost 

 certain to be followed by disease. So soon as the plants 

 have rooted, pot them off into two or three inch pots and 

 place them again in the frames. 



If the weather has become quite warm, they may be 

 placed in frames where there is no bottom heat. The prop- 

 agator must be his own judge in this matter, only bear 

 in mind that a heat of 70 to 80 must be maintained to 

 insjure success ; and if this can be had without bottom 

 heat, then the latter will not be necessary. 



The plants may be kept in these pots until they are well 

 filled with roots, then they may be planted in the open 

 ground as before directed. Some of the hardy grapes, 

 such as Concord, Hartford Prolific, etc., have such a thick 

 and enduring leaf that it is not positively necessary to erect 

 frames to protect them when first planted out, yet even 

 these will be benefited by so doing. 



When the soil in which the young vines are planted is 

 thoroughly prepared, they will require but little care dur- 

 ing the summer, except to keep down weeds, and even 

 this will not be needed if they receive a liberal mulch. 

 But it will sometimes be necessary to water the vines in 



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