STEM APPENDAGES. Ill 



describing a variety, that more than their general charac- 

 ter can be given. 



BUDS. 



Buds are embryo plants, for they contain all the elements 

 necessary to insure or secure, when removed from the 

 parent, a distinctive, individual existence. They contain 

 the rudiments of leaves and stem in a miniature form, and 

 growth is but the development of these individual parts. 



The buds of the vine are situated at the axils of the 

 leaves only, and are never found upon any other part of 

 the stem. They are naturally single that is, produce but 

 one shoot ; but vines when under cultivation often show a 

 disposition to produce a number of shoots from a bud, or, 

 in other words, the buds divide indefinitely, and each 

 division is capable of producing a distinct cane. Fig. 

 35 e and c show a double bud ; such examples are often 

 seen upon trained vines, and nearly every bud upon vines 

 that have been checked during growth will show the 

 double bud, both of which will often produce a shoot, but 

 seldom of uniform strength. If a shoot that has started 

 from a bud is broken off, others will immediately start from 

 near its base. These are said to grow from accessory 

 buds. They are sometimes incorrectly called adventitious ; 

 but adventitious buds do not exist upon the stem of the 

 vine as they do upon most other woody plants. 



The word adventitious is from adventive, implying acci- 

 dental, and not necessarily pre-existing in form ; and as I 

 am not aware of any instances where buds have been pro- 

 duced by art or nature upon the stem of the vine, except 

 at the point where buds originally existed, we may con- 

 clude that they are accessory buds. Buds will sometimes 

 be produced from the lateral roots of the vine at the point 

 of separation, especially if they are of considerable size ; 

 these are, strictly speaking, adventitious. Although sev- 

 eral shoots may be forced to grow from what is apparently 



