GARDEN CULTTJKE. 



169 



yard or garden, except in cases like the above, where it is 

 desirable to bring an old strong vine into the arm system. 

 Vines that have been trained with only two arms may, 

 after they become old, be allowed to produce an extra tier, 

 but the sap will usually flow with greater force into the 

 upper arms, and necessitate the checking of the canes on 

 them sooner than on the lower ones. To produce a second 

 tier of arms upon a vine having only one tier, the bearing 

 cane nearest the center is allowed to remain at the time of 

 the annual pruning, and the end cut off at the point where 

 it is desirable to have the arms start. The next season the 

 upper two buds on it are allowed to grow for the arms, 

 and the following season they are laid down for a second 

 tier. 



DOUBLE STEM. 



A few years since I had some vines growing in a border 

 on the south side of a wall. They started so early that 



most of the young shoots were cut off by a late frost ; con- 

 sequently the buds which I had selected for arms were 

 destroyed. The vines being young, new shoots started 



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