96 DAIRY CATTLE AND MILK PRODUCTION 



The milk of the Shorthorn cow contains on the average 

 about 12.5 per cent of total solids, of which from 3.60 to 4 per 

 cent are fat. The milk in color and in size of fat globules 

 ranks next to the Channel Island breeds, and between them 

 and the Holsteins and Ayrshires. 



Shorthorns in England. The dairy Shorthorn is the prin- 

 cipal dairy cow of England to-day and the typical Shorthorn 

 cow of England as well. Professor Long says : " The milk-pro- 

 ducing farmer has studied how to increase the flow of milk while 

 maintaining the characteristic feeding qualities of the breed, 

 and has succeeded. On the other hand, the great pedigree 

 breeders have subordinated milk to flesh development, form, 

 quality, and even color. Where sires and dams are of equally 

 renowned milking character, the Shorthorn is preeminently 

 the best dairy cow in the best dairy country in the world." 



The milking qualities of the English Shorthorn are shown in 

 a remarkable way by the results of the milk and butter tests 

 made at the London Dairy Show. In the eleven years from 

 1894-1904 inclusive, first place in both milk production and 

 fat production was won in every case by a Shorthorn com- 

 peting against Jerseys, Guernseys, Ayrshires, Red Polls, and 

 Crosses. In seven of these tests the winner was a non-pedigreed 

 Shorthorn, and in four a registered Shorthorn. Two hundred 

 and thirty-six pedigreed Shorthorns in these eleven tests 

 averaged 48 pounds milk and 1.82 pounds fat per day, with an 

 average of 3.88 per cent fat. One hundred and twenty-one 

 non-pedigreed Shorthorns averaged 51.8 pounds milk and 1.95 

 pounds fat daily, with an average of 3.79 per cent of fat. 



Breed Organizations. The registration of pure-bred ani- 

 mals of this breed is in the hands of the American Shorthorn 

 Breeders' Association, with headquarters in Chicago. There 



