98 DAIRY CATTLE AND MILK PRODUCTION 



of Norfolk as a small, red class of cattle, partly polled and 

 partly horned. They were bred at this time more for beef 

 than for milk, and made a poor impression on the writer. 

 Later the horns were bred off by using probably either Suffolk 

 or Galloway bulls for this purpose. The beef qualities were 

 considerably developed, according to some authorities, by in- 

 troducing Devon blood. In 1818 the cattle of Norfolk began 

 to be known as Norfolk Polled. 



The cattle of Suffolk from the earliest records were known as 

 remarkable milkers. They were rather small in size, red, brin- 

 dled, dun or mouse colored, and always polled. Young, writing 

 in 1804, describes them as follows : " A clean throat with little 

 dewlap, a clean head, thin legs, a very large barrel, ribs 

 tolerably springing from center of the back, but with a heavy 

 belly, backbone ridged, chin thin and hollow, loin narrow, 

 udder large, loose and creased when empty, milk veins re- 

 markably large. A general habit of leanness, hip bones high 

 and ill covered with flesh." 



According to the same writer yields of five gallons of milk 

 per day were not uncommon for entire herds while on pasture. 

 The breed had the reputation of being the heaviest milkers in 

 England for their size, and of being especially adapted for 

 poor pastures and unfavorable surroundings. The Suffolk 

 cattle were always bred mostly for milk. The cattle of this 

 county became known as Suffolk Polled. The colors other 

 than red were bred out during the early part of the nineteenth 

 century. 



The cattle of Suffolk and Norfolk were developed along the 

 same lines, until about 1846 it was generally recognized that the 

 two types were so near together that they were practically the 

 same. The division in name continued until 1862, when at 



