226 DAIRY CATTLE AND MILK PRODUCTION 



first be thoroughly cleaned in warm water, and preferably 

 boiled. Before being inserted into the teat, they should be 

 placed in a 5 per cent solution of carbolic acid, or in a rather 

 strong solution of creolin, and should be inserted while wet 

 with this solution and without being touched with the hand 

 on the portion that enters the duct. 



Cows with Leaking Teats. Some cows lose a portion of 

 their milk by leaking from the udder between milkings, on 

 account of the sphincter muscle having a weak contraction. 

 No practical remedy has been devised for this trouble. Under 

 conditions that warrant the small amount of trouble involved, 

 the teat opening may be closed after each milking with col- 

 lodion. 



Bloody Milk. Blood in milk is more common than is 

 generally understood. It may be often noticed in separator 

 slime when its presence was not suspected in the milk. It is 

 not an indication of disease or any unhealthy condition in the 

 cow. It is caused by the rupture of a small blood vessel that 

 allows blood to escape into the milk cistern or the milk ducts. 

 In some instances certain cows have it at intervals for a num- 

 ber of months, but more often it appears but once or twice. 

 It cannot be prevented or stopped, and the only thing to do 

 is to reject the milk affected. 



Chapped Teats. Sore teats maybe caused by cold weather, 

 milking with wet hands, or other causes of local irritation. 

 When so affected the cow does not stand quietly for milking 

 on account of the pain. The trouble may be easily remedied. 

 The application of vaseline for a few times on the first ap- 

 pearance of the trouble will usually check and cure it. If 

 severe the teats should be thoroughly washed and softened 

 with warm water, after which glycerite of tannin may be 



