290 DAIRY CATTLE AND MILK PRODUCTION 



deficiency in that respect as are others with a high protein 

 content. The valuable by-products of oats are mainly from 

 oatmeal mills, and consist of oats shorts and finely divided 

 parts of the grain sifted out. In addition, a much larger 

 quantity of hulls must be disposed of by these mills. Hulls 

 are mostly crude fiber and are hardly equal to the same weight 

 of timothy hay in feeding value. The by-products of the 

 oatmeal mills are therefore valuable, to the extent that they 

 contain the parts of the grains. Oat hulls are used largely 

 to form a portion of various mixed feeds that are put upon the 

 market. 



Cottonseed Meal. This by-product is the residue left 

 after the oil is extracted from the cottonseed. It contains 

 the highest amount of protein of any feed used for cows 

 ordinarily found upon the market. For this reason it is 

 especially valuable as a means of balancing up rations defi- 

 cient in protein, where corn and corn products form a large 

 proportion of the ration. It should not be fed to excess at 

 any time. As a rule from two to four pounds per day are 

 to be considered the maximum to be used. However, in the 

 South, where it is abundant, it is fed in much larger quantities 

 with good results. 



Linseed Meal. This valuable feed is the residue after 

 the linseed oil is extracted from flaxseed. It ranks next to 

 cottonseed meal in protein, but on the market usually sells a 

 little higher. It seems to exert a specially favorable effect 

 upon animals of all kinds to which it is fed. Like cottonseed 

 meal, it is especially valuable as a means of supplying the 

 protein liable to be lacking in the farm-grown ration. 



Gluten Feed. This is a by-product from starch and glu- 

 cose factories. It consists of the corn grain after the starch 



