314 DAIRY CATTLE AND MILK PRODUCTION 



the stable for the escape of the air. A series of smaller 

 openings are arranged on either side for the air to enter. 



The object in taking the air from near the floor rather 

 than at the ceiling is to remove the coldest air and the most 

 impure. The warmest and the purest air is found at the 

 ceiling. The ventilating flue should be smooth inside, prac- 

 tically air-tight, and, for good results, with no turns. The 

 flue must have ample cross section. If too small, the friction 

 is sufficient to prevent free movement of the air. In many 

 cases poor results in using this system are to be credited to a 

 ventilating flue of too small size. None should be built less 

 than 2 by 2 feet. 



The ventilator flue should have an opening near the ceil- 

 ing that may be opened when it is desired to increase the 

 draft, and in warmer weather when there is no reason for 

 conserving the heat of the stable. This opening should be 

 regulated with a register. 



Entrance for Fresh Air. Provision must be made for the 

 entrance of outside air. This is taken in at the ceiling, and 

 mixes with the warm air. The intakes should extend down- 

 ward in the wall, with the opening to the outside three feet 

 or more lower than the opening in the barn. This is to pre- 

 vent the warm air in the stable from flowing out. These 

 intakes should be on all sides of the barn, to take advantage 

 of all wind pressure. They should not be over 4 or 5 by 16 

 inches in size, and provided with registers to regulate the air 

 passage. 



The King system works only while the stable is closed. 

 At such time as it is not desirable to close the barn, the air 

 should be allowed to enter the ventilating flue through the 

 opening near the ceiling. The King system cannot be ex- 



