THE LACTOMETER AND ITS USE 41 



analysis. Hehner and Richmond have proposed the 

 following formula : 



Total solids in milk =~ + ^ r xl.2 + . 14. 

 4 -P- 



In order to apply the formula, divide the lactometer 

 number or lactometer degrees by 4. Multiply the per 

 cent of fat found by test by 1.2. To the sum of the 

 two results add .14. 



EXAMPLE. A milk tests 4 per cent fat and has a spe- 

 cific gravity of 1.033. Hence the gravity number is 33. 

 4 x 1.2 = 4.8. 33 -r- 4 = 8.22. 4.8 + 8.22 + .14 = 13.16 

 per cent solids. This milk contains approximately 

 13.16 per cent solids. 



48. Joint Use of Lactometer and Babcock Test. 

 When used jointly, the quality of the milk and the 

 extent to which any adulteration may have been 

 practiced can be accurately determined. The fol- 

 lowing general rules will aid in determining the 

 quality of milk : A low fat and a high specific gravity ! 

 indicate skimming or removal of fats. A low fat ^ 

 and a low specific gravity indicate the addition of 

 water. A low fat and a normal specific gravity indi- 

 dicate that the milk has been both skimmed and 

 watered. While if there is a normal fat and a nor- 

 mal gravity, it is safe to conclude that the milk has 

 been neither skimmed nor watered. 



In order to determine the extent to which adultera- 

 tion may have been practiced, the total solids of the 

 milk should be calculated by Hehner and Richmond's 



