forest insects and diseases and in its economical utilization of 

 the forest yield in industrial operations, Sweden ranks second 

 to no other country. 



ARTICLE No. V. 



FINNISH PROGRESSIVE FORESTRY, THOUGH OF 

 RECENT DEVELOPMENT, SHOWS SOME 

 GOOD RESULTS 



HELSINGFORS, FINLAND, JUNE 23. Finland, perhaps more 

 than Sweden, is dependent upon her forest resources. As in 

 Sweden, the people appreciate the importance of maintaining 

 and increasing these resources, although this realization, as 

 interpreted into practical usage and protective legislation, 

 dates back less than a quarter of a century. Before that time, 

 Finnish forests were largely allowed to take care of themselves. 



During the last twenty-five years, progressive forestry 

 laws, based upon those of Sweden, have been enacted and are 

 now rigidly enforced. State and private owners of forests 

 co-operate together in building up and maintaining the forests 

 and in employing means for their perpetuation. 



The practice of reforestation on a broad scale is carried 

 on almost universally, except in the more northerly parts of 

 the country, where there is still much wild land. Finnish 

 forest methods, however, are generally based upon the theory 

 that it is better to let nature do the work where possible and 

 to use artificial means only where necessary, and most of the 

 cutting is done with that end in view. Some fine examples of 

 natural forests from 60 to 80 years old are to be seen. 



Here, as in Sweden, the private owners put their forestry 

 and logging operations under a single supervision and manage- 

 ment. The chief forester directs how and what trees shall be 

 cut, always with the object of impairing the growing forest 

 as little as possible. Cutting operations are, when necessary, 

 followed up with replanting. Most of the companies buy timber 

 in addition to cutting their own. They maintain separate 

 organizations to deal with bought timber but the same re- 

 quirement as to replanting is made to apply. 



The extent of the forest organizations built up and main- 

 tained by the companies may be illustrated by that of the 

 Kymmene Aktiebolag, one of Finland's largest pulp and paper 



