92 FORESTRY IN EASTERN RUSSIA. 



' If the work of the three furnaces smelting magnetites 

 is examined, it will be noticed that ISijni Tagilsk, No. 

 3, has the best, and Sucha-Gora the worst record, as the 

 latter requires 706 feet of cubical capacity per ton of iron, 

 compared to 248 to 385 for the former. This is apparently 

 due to the fact that the ore is richer, which contributes 

 also to a diminished consumption of fuel. Some furnaces, 

 as those of Ljudinov and Mbhko, are run with wood and 

 charcoal. It is interesting to compare the results of some 

 Russian furnaces, as to cost of production and consumption 

 of fuel, with furnaces elsewhere in Europe. The nearest 

 approach to the Russian conditions are found at the Langs 

 works, Sweden, where magnetites holding from 51 to 52 

 per cent, of iron are smelted with pine charcoal. The 

 furnace in question is 49.25 feet high, has a 7.5 foot bosh, 

 and has a cubical capacity of 3,110 feet. The blast is 

 carried up to 410, and to 482 degrees F., and blowing with 

 2.36-inch pressure, turns out 1.6 tons of iron per day. It 

 carries, for 71 cubic feet of charcoal, 0.671 tons of burden, 

 the consumption of fuel being 75 parts, by weight, of the 

 100 parts of iron made. The cubical capacity of furnace 

 per ton of iron per day is 1,921 cubic feet. The Nijni 

 Tagilsk furnace, though larger than the Langs furnace, 

 and working ores holding 60 per cent, of iron, takes 93 

 parts of coarcoal per 100 of iron, and 2,479 cubic feet of 

 capacity per ton of iron per day of 24 hours. 



' In a similar way, the furnaces smelting the good and rich 

 brown hematites of the southern Ural district may be 

 compared with those of Styria and Carinthia, which work 

 the roasted specular ores of the Alpine ore deposits. The 

 furnaces of the Austrian Alps are remarkable, as compared 

 with those of Russia, for smaller dimensions, and for 

 comparatively higher production, at a lower consumption 

 of fuel. They are generally from 33 to 47 feet high, and 

 have a capacity of 1,400 to 1,750 cubic feet. The Vordern- 

 berg furnaces requires 64 to 78 cubic feet of capacity per 

 ton of production, using 237 to 247 cubic feet of charcoal 

 per ton of iron, or 80 parts, by weight, per 100 parts of 



