94 ELEMENTARY FORESTRY. 



roots, but far enough away from the tree to leave a large ball of 

 earth. The trench is then filled in with a mulch of some kind, 

 and when the ground is frozen the tree is moved, with the ball 

 of earth attached, to the hole which has been previously prepared 

 and kept free from frost. 



After Trees Have Been Moved, or had their roots short- 

 ened in some other way, they should generally not be transplanted 

 again for at least one or two years, during which time they will 

 have overcome the injuries done to their root system. The time 

 which should thus elapse will vary with the kind of tree, and 

 also with the amount of injury done. Where the injury is 

 severe a much longer time will be required for recovery than 

 where it is slight. 



Time to Transplant. Planting of trees should always be 

 done when they are dormant, or just as they start into growth in 

 the spring, which is generally from the middle to last of April. 

 If for any reason it is desirable to risk the moving of trees late 

 in the spring, after the leaves have started, they should be cut 

 back severely, all the leaves removed, and great pains be taken 

 to secure all the roots and to prevent their drying out. Very 

 hardy deciduous trees, as the Elm, Cottonwood, Boxelder and 

 Ash, can often be successfully moved in the fall, if the ground is 

 moist at the time of removal, but great care must be taken to 

 work the soil in very compactly between the roots, so that there 

 will be no large air spaces among them. If the trees are large, 

 it is a good plan to stake them, so they cannot be blown about 

 by the wind. The more tender trees should not be transplanted 

 in this section in autumn, and even the hardiest kinds should 

 never be moved at this season unless the soil is moist. 



Transplanting Evergreens. When seedling evergreens are 

 two years old they should be transplanted, and this should be 

 done about once in three years afterwards, until they are moved 

 to their permanent places. As evergreens are very sensitive to 

 being moved, this requires more care than with most deciduous 

 trees. The most important point is to not all jw the roots to 

 have even the appearance of being dry. They may be trans- 

 planted in the spring, as soon as the ground works easily and the 

 roots have white tips, and they may be safely transplanted even 

 up to the time that the new growth shows about an inch, but at 



