8 



Alnus incana are found furthest north. Betula verrucosa, on 

 the other hand, ceases to grow even further south than the pine and 

 Alnus glutinosa, which on its part fails to achieve the Arctic Circle. 

 The northern boundary of this and of the nobler trees: the oak, ash, 

 maple, linden, elm and hazel-bush is shown in Fig. 2. As all the latter 

 species are fairly rare even in the southern parts of the country, their 

 economic significance is for the present very small. 



Fig. 2. Norther boundaries of various trees. 



Of the various forest -types all others are naturally suited for 

 the pine except the Hylocomium-Myrtillus type of North Finland and 

 the most fertile grove-forest types, in which the natural regeneration 

 of the pine is difficult. In the heath forests, hardly any other tree can 

 thrive and the pine is therefore of its nature the predominant tree 

 in these. A similar condition prevails in the rawe-swamps, where, 

 beside the pine, chiefly Betula odorata is met with. Suited to the 

 spruce are all the fresh forest-types and &or>t-swamps, and also 

 the grove-forests, although the regeneration of the spruce in the latter 



