38 



kultur Society, and for similar purposes, certain of the agricultural 

 periodicals in the Swedish language contain a special forestry de- 

 partment. 



The State subsidies in 1022 for the agricultural and silvicultural 

 societies for work in the service of silviculture totalled 865 000 marks. 

 For the sake of comparison it may be mentioned that the grants for 

 agriculture total 2 911 200 marks and for the development of cattle- 

 farming an additional 1 772 725 marks. 



A very important factor in the field of forestry in Finland 

 is the fire-insurance of forests. Forestfires are an 

 annual source of considerable loss to our forest-owners. And further, 

 forest-insurance is essential for the regulation of the question of 

 credit againt forest. Fire policies are granted by two mutual insu- 

 rance societies: the Sampo at Turku (Abo) and the i>Suomen Metsdn- 

 omistajain Keskindinen Metsdpaloapuyhdistys (Finnish Fores t- 

 owners Mutual Forest Fire Aid Society) in Helsinki (Helsingfors). 

 Another concern, the Maanviljelijdin Vakuutusosakeyhtio Terra* 

 was in action for a couple of years, but has now ceased to exist. The 

 Sampo makes out policies in many different branches. Its Forest 

 Department* was added in 1914. The other Society, established in 

 1916, has specialized in forest fire insurance. 



The rapid development of this still young and important branch 

 of insurance is shown by the following figures, which contain the 

 policies made out by the two societies in question. 



Total area of 



forest insured Amount of 



Year against fire in insurance in 



thousands millions marks 



hectares 



1914 229 38 



1915 400 66 



1916 970 161 



1917 1 475 336 



1918 1 708 437 



1919 1 863 533 



1920 1 908 748 



1921 1 065 2 213 



Education in Forestry and Scientific Investigation. 



For education in elementary forestry the, 

 State has provided five schools of forestry. Four of these schools 

 are held in the Finnish language: the Evo (at Lammi), Tuomarniemi 

 (at At sari), Nikkarila (at Joroinen) and Rovaniemi forestry schools. 

 The fifth, situated at Tammisaari (Ekenas) is held in the Swedish 



