CONTENTS. vii 



PAQH 



CHAPTER XVI. Appearances Presented by Glaciers 



and Snow-Fields, 164-175 



The Justedal Glacier (p. 164) ; Motion of a Glacier (p. 166) ; 

 The Ringedal Waterfall (p. 168) ; Description of 

 Veblungsnaesset (p. 171) ; The Stiggevand (p. 174). 



CHAPTER XVII. Saeter Life, . . . 176-189 



Description of the Nisservand (p. 176) ; Account of Saeters 

 or Mountain Cheese Farms (p. 178) ; Saeter in the 

 Valdai (p. 179) ; Roeldal Saeter (p. 182). 



CHAPTER XVIII. Valleys, ... 190-194 



Valleys in the Guldbranbsdal (p. 190). 



CHAPTER XIX Forest Exploitation, and the Trans- 

 port of Timber, and Export Timber Trade, 195-203 



Exploitation Determined to some Extent by the Land 

 Tenure (p. 195) ; Glissoira or Artificial Shoots (p. 196) ; 

 Floatage (p. 198) ; Export Timber Trade (p. 200). 



CHAPTER XX. Shipbuilding and Shipping, , 204-21 1 



e of Boat Maintain 

 Modem Shipping 



Type of Boat Maintained (p. 204) ; Ancient Boats (p. 205) j 



CHAPTER XXI. Forest Devastation, . 212-219 



Illustration Supplied by State of Forests in Komsdal 

 (p. 212), and in Prefectures of Lister and Mandal 

 (p. 218). 



CHAPTER XXII. Remedial Measures, . k 220-22? 



Sylviculture at Agricultural School at Aas (p. 227) ; Staff of 

 Officials in the Forest Service of the Government (p. 

 227). 



