THE HUMAN SPECIES. 95 



bones and shreds of pottery were found in red clay, 

 mixed with the debris of extinct mammalia, among 

 which were recognised those of Ursus arctoides, Cervus 

 anoglochis, a species equal in size to the common 

 Stag ; Cervus reboulii, Capreolus tournalii, and 

 Lefroii, &c. 



Soon after, the celebrated Martin de Serres, examined 

 the caverns of Pondres and Souvignargues, and de- 

 tected the remains of human skeletons and pottery, in 

 the same deposits with bones of a lost species of Rhino- 

 ceros (R. tichorinus), a small kind of Equus and a 

 Stag (Cervus cataglochis). 



On the Rhine, skulls of gigantic Bisontes and Uri 

 occurred, and Dr. Boue found human bones mixed 

 with others of extinct species at Lahr. In the vicinity 

 of Xanthen, beneath an altar-stone, the head of a 

 Cervus giganteus (Irish Elk), and a quantity of ashes, 

 were discovered. 



In 1833, human bones were found, together with 

 those of Ursus speleus, U. angustidens, Hyaena, and 

 a Feline not much less than a lion, Elephant, &c., 

 were detected in caves near Liege, beneath a thick 

 coat of stalagmite. About the same period, ;the Rev. 

 Mr. M'Enery, collected from the caves of Torquay, 

 human bones and flint knives, amongst a great variety 

 of extinct species, such as Elephant, Rhinoceros, Ursus 

 angustidens, Hyaena, &c., all from under a crust of 

 stalagmite ; and reposing upon it was the head of a 

 Wolf. 



Before that period, and repeatedly since, caves have 



