THE HUMAN SPECIES. 181 



people, each in turn crushing the former privileged 

 orders. All were originally pastoral tribes, and they 

 fiontinued to conquer so long as agriculture had not 

 yet fostered the other sciences of civilization ; and de- 

 fensive war was unavailing to scattered husbandmen, 

 whose masters' subdivided power thwarted each other, 

 and left the masses little worth defending. The nations 

 who seem to have escaped servitude, it may be remark- 

 ed, retreated to mountain regions, where cavalry had 

 no advantage. Such are the Nilgherries, the Vin- 

 dayan system, the western or modern Caucasus, the 

 Alps, the Pyrenees, &c., all peopled by refugees, not 

 by Autochtones. Mere insular situations did not afford 

 equal security, because boats conferred the same in- 

 vading facilities which the horse produced on land ; 

 and hence even the more remote South Sea Islands are 

 not without a master race, which, in whatever way 

 attention is turned, will ever be found to be directly or 

 indirectly of the Caucasian stock, excepting only in 

 those centres of existence where the two other typical 

 forms of Man reside ; for one of these, sensible of an 

 inferior innervation, is possessed of a well-founded 

 jealousy of the bearded race, and by political precau- 

 tion endeavours to exclude it; while the other rests 

 secure in the effects of climate ; and both abuse their 

 good fortune, by at least inflicting subjection each upon 

 kindred tribes ; but much more restricted in the extent, 

 by the increasing progress of the Caucasian. 



West of Central Asia, all records agree in pointing 

 to the east for the direction whence nations migrated. 



