ROADSIDES AND HEDGES 



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The plant is 3-12 in. long, flowering: from June to 

 August, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



Rosa involuta, Sm. The habitat of this rose 

 is hedges, banks, bushy places. The plant has 

 the shrub habit. It is intermediate between R. 

 villosa and R. spinosissima, nearer the former. 

 The plant is small, erect or arching, with short, 

 sometimes arching branches. The prickles are 

 unequal, crowded, straight, or hardly curved, 

 passing gradually into bristles. The leaflets are 

 doubly toothed, downy, glandular sometimes 

 below, or smooth, open. The leaf-stalk and stip- 

 ules are densely glandular and fringed with hairs. 

 The flowers are 1-3, white or pink. The sepals 

 are persistent, leaflike, simple or pinnate, gland- 

 ular at the back. The flower-stalk is densely 

 bristly. The fruit is erect, nearly round, with no 

 disk, red, but is not often produced, and ripens 

 late. The plant is 1-5 ft. high, flowering in June 

 and July, and is a deciduous shrub. 



Irish Rose (Rosa hibernica, Tempi.) The habi- 

 tat of this rose is hedges and bushy places. The 

 habit is shrub-like, compact, erect. The plant is 

 small, with short branches, which sometimes arch. 

 The prickles are stout, few, scattered, passing 

 into bristles, unequal, the larger curved. The 

 leaflets have simple teeth, hairless or downy below, 

 without glands, bluish-green above, the nerves 

 below and midrib above with few hairs. The leaf- 

 stalk is downy. The stipules are naked on the 

 back, with a fringe of glands on the auricles or 

 lobes. The flowers are pale-pink, up to 12, the 

 stalks naked like the calyx-tube. The sepals are 

 leafy, more or less persistent in fruit, naked on the 

 back. The fruit is erect, nearly rounded, naked, 

 with a small disk, blood-red, pitcher-like, with a 

 narrow mouth, ripening in October. The plant 

 is 1-3 ft. high, and flowers in June and July, 

 being a deciduous shrub. 



Rosa snberecta, Lev. This species occurs in 23 

 vice-counties, chiefly in North England and Scot- 

 land. The leaflets are glandular, nearly hairless 

 or grey-downy, the bracts vinous-red. The leaf- 

 stalk has biternate prickles. The fruiting sepals 

 are narrowly egg-shaped, lance-shaped, or pin- 

 nate, nearly erect, the stalks and fruit densely 

 bristly. Otherwise it resembles R. mollissima, 

 Willd. ( = R. tomentosa, Sm.), of which it was re- 

 garded as a variety. 



Rosa andrzeiovii, Steven. The principal prickles 

 of this species are large, sickle-like. The leaflets 

 are broadly elliptical, glandular. The sepals are 

 erect to spreading. The flower-stalks are hair}', 

 glandular. The fruit is globular. The plant is 

 in other respects like R. tomentosa, Sm., of which 

 it was regarded as a variety. 



Rosa iincinata, Ley. The thorns of this rose 

 are uncinate, hooked, and stout. The leaflets are 

 hairy both sides, and glandular. The flower- 

 stalks are bristly. The fruit is pear-shaped. 

 The plant is allied to R. tomentosa, Sm., of which 

 it was regarded as a variety. 



Rosa scabriuscula, Sm. The prickles of this 

 species are straight, awl-like. The leaflets are 

 variable in shape, nearly hairless above, hairy 

 VOL. VI. 



principally and only thinly so on the veins below, 

 rough to the touch, and sparingly glandular, or 

 without glands, greener below, large, oblong. 

 The sepals are turned back or rising. The fruit 

 is egg-shaped, oblong, aciculate. The style is 

 hairless. The plant is allied to R. tomentosa, Sm., 

 of which it has been regarded as a variety. 



Downy-leaved Rose (Rosa tomentosa, Sm., pro 

 parte = J?. moHissima, Willd.). The habitat of this 

 species is hedges and thickets. The stem is erect. 

 The branches are arching, long, 6-10 ft., the 

 prickles uniform, straight, slightly curved, slender. 

 The leaflets are elliptic, or rather inversely egg- 

 shaped, doubly-toothed, downy, especially below. 

 The flowers are 1-3, white or pink, on long stalks. 

 The sepals are pinnate, not quite persistent, falling 

 as soon as the fruit changes colour, spreading. 

 The fruit does not soon ripen, being bright-red 

 in September, and is oblong, with a distinct but 

 small disk, pitcher-shaped with a narrow mouth. 

 The plant is 3-8 ft. high, flowering in June and 

 July, and is a deciduous shrub. 



Rosa farinosa, Bechst. This species has the 

 leaflets densely grey -downy, glandular below, 

 with compound teeth. The flower-stalk is short 

 and naked. The fruit is naked. The styles are 

 woolly. The plant has been regarded as a 

 variety of R. mollissima, \Villd., but Major Wolley- 

 Dod does not consider the plant typical in Britain 

 at any rate. 



Rosa cinerascens, Dum. This rose is a bush, 

 4-5 ft. high, with branches with bluish-green 

 powder. The prickles are straight, swollen below. 

 The leaflets are hairy both sides, simply toothed, 

 egg-shaped, acute, the leaf-stalks glandless, grey- 

 downy (hence cinerascens), softly hairy, without 

 prickles. The flowers are few, rose colour, the 

 stalks glandular, hairy. The sepals are spread- 

 ing, persistent till the fruit is ripe. The fruit is 

 red, nearly globular, egg-shaped, aciculate or 

 smooth. The styles are hairy. 



Rosa mspidatoides, Cre"pin. The prickles of 

 this rose are sickle-like. The leaflets are broadly 

 oval, hairy, glandular below. The flowers are 

 rose colour. The sepals are nearly simple. The 

 fruit is nearly rounded, aciculate, as are the 

 flower-stalks, and small. The styles are densely 

 hairy or woolly. This species is allied to R. viol- 

 lissima, Willd., of which it has been regarded as a 

 variety. 



Rosa obovata, Ley. The prickles of this species 

 are strongly curved, slender. The leaflets are in- 

 versely egg-shaped, thinly hairy, glandless below, 

 with very sharp double teeth. The flower-stalk is 

 short, naked. 



Sweet Briar (Rosa eglanteria, L. = R. rubiginosa, 

 L.}. The habitat of this plant is hedges, thickets, 

 bushy places. The plant is a small, suberect bush, 

 with erect or arching, compact branches, with 

 many prickles, stout at the base, scattered, the 

 largest hooked, the smaller unequal, awl-like, 

 straight, with glandular hairs and bristles. The 

 leaflets are doubly toothed, densely glandular 

 below, hairless or thinly hairy below, sweet- 

 scented, downy below. The sepals are glandular, 



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