162 



BRITISH FLORA 



clothed with silky hair, not much longer than the 

 calyx. 



Euphrasia Vigursii, Davey. This species has 

 been referred to E. officinalis van minor, Gaud., 

 fil, rectipila, Williams, by F. N. Williams (Prodr., 

 p. 303). It differs in the smaller flowers, darker 

 shade of the corolla, less hairy leaves, more slender 

 habit. There are no long-pointed hairs tipped with 

 glands on the upper part of the stem. 



Euphrasia brevipila, Born, et Gren. ( = Euphrasia 

 stricta, Host.). The habitat of this plant is pas- 

 tures. It belongs to a group with small flowers, 

 with leaves not more than twice as long as broad. 

 After the flower opens the tube of the corolla does 

 not lengthen, being 6-10 mm. long, and therefore 

 adapted to short -lipped insects. The stem is 

 branched at the base, and without glands. The 

 leaves are almost devoid of hair, or with a few 

 short and glandular hairs. The stem-leaves are 

 ovate to oblong, acute or blunt, the teeth, 6-10, 

 blunt, acute, or awned. The spike lengthens in 

 fruit. The bracts are ovate, the base short and 

 wedge-shaped, broader than, and not so long as, 

 the stem-leaves, with 8-14 awned or pointed teeth. 

 The flowers are pale-violet, blue, or white. The 

 calyx has short glandular hairs and triangular 

 lance - shaped teeth. The corolla is large, the 

 upper lip having notched lobes, or the lobes may 

 be entire or toothed. The fruit is oblong or wedge- 

 shaped to inversely ovate, blunt or notched, longer 

 than the calyx. 



Euphrasia Kerneri, Wettst. The habitat of 

 this plant is chalky and calcareous pastures, lime- 

 stone areas in central and S. England. The 

 northern limit is Derbyshire. The stem is with- 

 out glands. It is usually branched at the base. 

 The leaves possess no glands, but have small 

 bristles on the margins and veins. The stem- 

 leaves are ovate to elliptic, acute, with 8-14 teeth, 

 which are triangular to acute. The flowers are 

 white, with purple stripes. The spike lengthens. 

 The bracts are oval, acute, and have 6-12 pointed 

 teeth. There are no glands on the calyx, and the 

 teeth are rough, lance-shaped, and pointed. The 

 corolla is large, and longer than the calyx at 

 length, the upper lip being sometimes of a violet 

 colour, with the lobes turned-back and divided into 

 two. The fruit is oblong, inversely ovate, notched, 

 fringed with hairs, with soft hair. 



Euphrasia minima, Gaud. ( = Euphrasia borealis, 

 Wettst.). The difference between the two plants 

 lies in the more softly hairy character of the one 

 under description, the capsule also equalling the 

 calyx, or it may be shorter. The stem is simple, 

 stout, sometimes branched below, without glands. 

 The leaves are erect to spreading, more or less 

 without hairs, or stiffly hairy. The stem-leaves 

 are ovate, blunt. There are 6-10 blunt or acute 

 teeth. The spike is dense. The bracts are broadly 

 ovate, with 6-10 acute, shortly-awned, or blunt 

 teeth. The flowers are white or violet. The calyx 

 is devoid of hairs, with triangular to lance-shaped 

 teeth. The corolla is large, with a violet upper 

 lip, and the lower white, the lobes of the upper lip 

 turned-back, notched or toothed. The capsule is 



elliptic or oblong, narrow below, notched, fringed 

 with hairs. 



Euphrasia gracilis, Fries. Mr. Williams con- 

 siders that this is the most marked species of the 

 genus. " Its slender, erect form, small leaves and 

 flowers, and usually dark-coloured stem and leaves 

 are very marked characters." The stem is straight, 

 slender, simple, sometimes branched in the middle. 

 The leaves are small, shorter than the internodes, 

 and are green or red, with few short hairs above 

 and on the veins below. The stem -leaves are 

 ovate, often wedge-shaped below, acute, with 6-8 

 acute teeth. The spike lengthens. The flowers 

 vary in colour, as above, being white with blue 

 lines, blue, or violet. The bracts are ovate or 

 wedge-shaped below, with 6-10 awned teeth. The 

 calyx is smooth, inflated, with lance-shaped teeth 

 with a long point. The corolla is small, the upper 

 lip having entire or faintly-toothed lobes. The 

 capsule is linear to elliptic, blunt or notched, 

 fringed with hairs. 



Euphrasia curta, Wettst. Mr. F. N. Williams 

 considers (ibid) that this plant is only distinguished 

 from E. nemorosa in height, the dense soft hair, 

 the afterwards slightly-lengthened spike, the size 

 of the capsule (4-5 mm.), which is truncate or 

 very slightly notched at the end. According to 

 Townshend, whose descriptions are in the main 

 followed here (they being based on Wettstein's), 

 the stem is usually stout and branched below, the 

 leaves are greyish -green, rough below, clothed 

 with long bristles, the stem-leaves ovate, acute, with 

 8-14 acute teeth. The flowers are whitish or pale- 

 lilac or blue. The bracts are sometimes nearly 

 round, with 8-14 acute or shortly-awned teeth. 

 The calyx is clothed with short white hairs on 

 the margins and veins, and is somewhat inflated 

 at length. The corolla is small, the lobes of the 

 upper lip notched or with small teeth. The cap- 

 sule is wedge-shaped to inversely ovate, blunt or 

 notched, fringed with hairs. 



Ejiphrasia latifolia, Pursh. By Mr. F. N. 

 Williams this, species has been placed under E. 

 arc/tea, Lange. The stem is straight, simple, or 

 slightly branched at or below the middle, with 

 long internodes. The leaves are long, densely 

 clothed with stout white bristles and occasionally 

 glandular hairs. The stem-leaves are few, ovate 

 or wedge-shaped to inversely ovate, blunt, with 

 4-10 broad, blunt teeth. The spike is dense. The 

 flowers are whitish. The bracts are broadly oval 

 or nearly round, more or less blunt or acute, with 

 a wedge-shaped base, with 6-12 broad, more or 

 less blunt or acute teeth. The calyx has stout 

 white bristles and glandular hairs, with broad 

 acute teeth. The corolla is small, the lobes of the 

 upper lip bent-back, with small teeth. The capsule 

 is elliptic, notched, fringed with hairs. 



Euphrasia fennica and E. suecica have recently 

 been found in this countrv. 



ORDER OROBANCHACE^E 



Great Broom-rape (Orobanche major, L. = O. Ra- 

 pum genista, Thuill. ). This plant is a saprophytic 



