ROCKS AND WALLS, ETC. 



171 



high, flowering" from March to May, and is a 

 herbaceous annual. 



ORDER POLYGALACE^: 



Polygala (imam, L. The habitat of this plant 

 is margins of rills and rocky places. The habit 

 is the rosette habit. The stem is erect. The 

 radical leaves are spoon-shaped, inversely egg- 

 shaped, blunt, the upper oblong to lance-shaped, 

 acute. The flowering stems from the axils of 

 the rosette are simple and short. The flowers 

 are bluish-white, in terminal racemes, the inner 

 sepals oblong, inversely egg-shaped, narrower 

 and longer than the capsule, the nerves simple, 

 or slightly branched, free. The lateral bracts are 

 shorter than the flower-stalks. The capsule is 

 rounded below, notched. The lobes of the aril 

 are nearly equal, blunt, half as long as the seed. 

 The plant is 1-3 in. long, flowering from April to 

 July, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



ORDER CARYOPHYLLACE^E 



Wild Carnation or Clove Pink (Dianthus Caryo- 

 phyllus, L.). The habitat of this plant is old walls, 

 hedges near gardens, old castle walls. The habit 

 is erect. The plant is smooth, bluish-green, stout, 

 much-branched, leafy below. The barren stems 

 are long, prostrate, then ascending, branched. 

 The leaves are channelled above, bent-back, with 

 smooth margins, linear. The flowers are pink, 

 fragrant, in loosely-panicled cymes, solitary. The 

 bracts are inversely ovate, blunt-pointed, ^-J the 

 length of the calyx-tube. The calyx is cylindric, 

 obscurely ribbed, the teeth not fringed with hairs, 

 longer than the capsule. The petals are scal- 

 loped, toothed, inversely ovate, smooth, the teeth 

 i-i the length of the blade. The capsule is 

 ovoid. The seeds are pear-shaped, nearly flat. 

 The plant is 12-18 in. high, flowering in July and 

 August, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



Wild Pink (Dianthus plumarius, L.). This 

 plant is semi-naturalized, or an escape on old 

 walls, and a frequent garden plant. The habit 

 is erect. The plant is tufted and branched. The 

 barren stems are prostrate, much-branched, root- 

 ing. The -leaves are linear, awl-like, acute, i- 

 nerved, with rough margins. The flowers are 

 fragrant, solitary, in loose cymes, rose or pale- 

 pink, or white, and the lobes of the fringed petals 

 are as long as the blade. The petals are much- 

 divided to the middle, digitate, downy, the central 

 part inversely ovate, entire. The calyx-lobes are 

 round to ovate, blunt-pointed, four times less than 

 the tube, fringed with hairs at the margin. The 

 capsule is longer than the calyx-teeth. The seeds 

 are flat, rounded, with a point one side. The 

 plant is 6-12 in. high, flowering in June and July, 

 and is a herbaceous perennial. 



English Catchfly (Silene anglica, L.). This 

 plant is found in sandy places. The habit is erect. 

 The plant is clammy. The leaves are lance- 

 shaped. The flowers are pinkish-white, solitary, 

 axillary, alternate, small, in terminal racemes. 



The petals are divided nearly to the base. The 

 plant is 6-24 in. high, flowering from July to Sep- 

 tember, and is a herbaceous annual. 



Moss Campion or Cushion Pink (Silene acaulis, 

 L.). The habitat of this plant is alpine rocks. 

 The plant has the cushion habit, and is densely 

 tufted, branched, bright-green, smooth. The 

 leaves are close, linear, awl -like, fringed with 

 hairs below, channelled above, keeled below. The 

 flowers are rose colour or white, solitary, borne 

 on long smooth stalks, longer in fruit, or nearly 

 stalkless, erect. The calyx is tubular, bell-shaped, 

 smooth, with 10 striae, the teeth oval, blunt, with 

 membranous borders. The petals are crowned, 

 slightly notched. The capsule is twice as long 

 as the calyx, more or less cylindrical, exserted, 

 with 6 teeth. The plant is 1-3 in. high, flower- 

 ing from May to August, and is a herbaceous 

 perennial. 



Spanish Campion (Silene Olites, Wibel). The 

 habitat of this Campion is sandy and gravelly 

 places, fields and roadsides, heathy places, and 

 the plant is considered, with others, to be possibly 

 a member of a steppe flora. The habit is erect, or 

 the rosette habit. The stems are simple, sticky 

 at the base. This may exclude creeping insects 

 from the flowers. The rootstock is woody and 

 branched. The radical leaves are lance-shaped 

 to spoon-shaped, numerous, slender, finely downy. 

 The stem -leaves are small, linear, erect. The 

 flowers are small, yellow or greenish -white, in 

 whorls, in long panicles, with opposite, tufted, 

 racemose, many-whorled branches. The bracts 

 are membranous. The flower-stalks are smooth. 

 The calyx is faintly veined, inversely ovoid, smooth, 

 the teeth blunt. The petals are linear, without 

 scales, undivided, not crowned. The stamens and 

 style project. The capsule is ovoid, and ruptures 

 the calyx, being stalkless. The plant is 4-18 in. 

 high, flowering in June and July, and is a herb- 

 aceous perennial. 



Viscid Rock Campion (Lychnis Viscaria, L.). 

 The habitat of this species is dry rocks, cliffs, &c. 

 The plant has more or less the rosette habit. The 

 rootstock is woody. The stem is sticky at or 

 below the nodes, smooth between, simple. The 

 radical leaves are lance-shaped, tufted, stalkless. 

 The stem -leaves are small, narrow, stalkless. 

 The leaves are smooth, with a woolly margin 

 below. The flowers are large, rose colour, in 

 narrow panicle-like cymes or racemes, whorled, 

 few. The calyx is purple, membranous, tubular, 

 with short acute teeth, not inflated. The petals 

 are notched, crowned, nearly entire, inversely 

 ovate. The scales are short. The capsule is 

 5-celled at first, broadly ovoid, the carpophore 

 or stalk half the length. The seeds are kidney- 

 shaped, very small, with sharp points. The plant 

 is 12-15 m - high, flowering in June and July, and 

 is a herbaceous perennial. 



Alpine Rock Campion (Lychnis alpina, L.). 

 The habitat of this plant is alpine moors and 

 ravines, mountains. The habit is tufted. The 

 rootstock is short, much-branched. The stem is 

 not clammy, simple, hairless. The leaves are 



