ROCKS AND WALLS, ETC. 



The habit is prostrate, then ascending-. The plant 

 is not hairy, or sparingly so. The stems are 

 much-branched, short, angular when dry. The 

 leaves are spoon-shaped, inversely ovate, fleshy, 

 not fringed with hairs. The flowers are white, 

 1-3, terminal. The sepals are ovate, acute, with 

 3 smooth, faint ribs, not so long as the capsule. 

 The petals are longer than the calyx, ovate, 

 shortly -clawed. The flower -stalks have very 

 short, turned-down hairs. The capsule is oblong, 

 not narrowed above, and the teeth are erect. The 

 seeds are dark-brown, tubercled. The plant is 

 1-4 in. high, flowering in July and August, and 

 is a herbaceous perennial. 



Arenaria gothica, Fr. The habitat of this plant 

 is bare calcareous places. The habit is prostrate. 

 The stems are much-branched, spreading, slightly 

 hairy. The leaves are ovate, lance-shaped, narrow- 

 pointed, with a slight fringe of hairs below. The 

 flowers are white, 1-3, terminal. The sepals are 

 ovate to lance-shaped, smooth, keeled or obscurely 

 ribbed, not so long as the capsule. The petals are 

 longer than the calyx, with very short hairs, oblong. 

 The capsule is ovoid, narrowed at the top, and 

 opens by the turned-back teeth. The seeds are 

 dark-brown, tubercled. The plant is 1-4 in. high, 

 flowering from May to September, and is a herb- 

 aceous perennial. 



Annual Pearlwort (Sagina apetala, Ard.). The 

 habitat of this plant is dry banks, wall-tops, bare 

 places. The plant has the rosette habit. It is 

 wiry, slender. The branches are ascending. The 

 stem is prostrate or ascending. The primary and 

 lateral shoots are all flowering. The radical leaves 

 form a rosette, and are fringed with hairs below, 

 blunt-pointed, linear. The upper part of the stem, 

 ultimate flower-stalks, and calyx may be glandular, 

 hairy. The flowers are green, on slender stalks. 

 The petals are very small, inversely wedge-shaped, 

 blunt, or absent (hence apetala). The sepals are 

 hooded, spreading at length in a Maltese Cross, 

 blunt, longer than the capsule. The flower-stalks 

 are erect. The central stems lengthen, flower, 

 and with the branches are erect, and do not root. 

 The capsule is conical to ovoid, more or less 

 shield-shaped below, stalked. The plant is 1-10 in. 

 in height, flowering from May to September, and 

 is a herbaceous annual. 



Alpine Pearlwort (Sagina nivalis, Fr.). This 

 species grows in rocky places on Scotch moun- 

 tains. The habit is tufted. The stems are dense, 

 smooth. The flowers are white, on erect stalks. 

 The plant is i-i^ in. high, flowers in July and 

 August, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



Sagina Reuieri, Boiss. The habitat of this plant 

 is gravel walks, bare places. The habit is pros- 

 trate. The stem is much-branched. The flowers 

 are white. The sepals are usually appressed, the 

 tips blunt. The flower-stalks are short, densely- 

 glandular. The plant is 1-3 in. high, flowering 

 from May to August, and is a herbaceous annual. 



Mountain Pearlwort (Sagina Linncei, Presl = 

 5. saginoides, Dalla Torre). The habitat of this 

 plant is Highland alps, Scotch mountains. The 

 habit is prostrate. The stems are numerous, 



slightly rooting, the central short and barren, 

 hairless, with many branches. The leaves are 

 linear, blunt, pointed, hairless. The petals are 

 shorter than the sepals, which are closely pressed, 

 narrow, hairless. The parts of the flower are 

 in fives. The flower-stalks are long, hairless, the 

 tips bent down after flowering, then erect. The 

 styles are not bent back. The capsule is longer 

 than the calyx, the valves narrowed upwards. 

 The plant flowers from June to August, and is 

 a herbaceous perennial. 



Boyd's Pearlwort (Sagina Boydii, F. B. White). 

 This very rare species grows on Scottish moun- 

 tains. The habit is densely tufted. The leaves 

 are dark-green, shiny, fleshy, overlapping, bent 

 back. There are no petals. The parts of the 

 flower are in 5\s. The plant is 1-2 in. high. It 

 flowers in June, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



Sagina sco/ica, Druce. The habit is creeping. 

 The plant grows on Scottish mountains (hence 

 scotica). The leaves are blunt, shortly pointed. 

 The flower-stalks are long, smooth. The sepals 

 are 5, elliptic, blunt. The petals are 5, as long 

 as, or nearly as long as, the sepals. 



ORDER LEGUMINOS^E 



Alpine Mountain Vetch (Astragalus alpinus, 

 L.). The habitat of this plant is lofty Scottish 

 mountains. The habit is prostrate. The stems 

 are slender, hairy. The leaves are as long as the 

 leaf-stalks. The leaflets are elliptic, blunt, 10-12 

 paired. The stipules are free, ovate, sometimes 

 connected below. The flowers are white and 

 purple, in short, close racemes, few, drooping, 

 or horizontal. The calyx is short. The pods are 

 oblong, pendulous, i-celled, covered with black 

 hairs, the stalk longer than the calyx, and ex- 

 serted. The seeds are few. The plant is 2-5 in. 

 high, flowering in June and July, and is a herb- 

 aceous perennial. 



Purple Oxytropis (Oxytropis uralensis, D.C.). 

 This plant grows on barren soil on Scottish 

 mountains, on the coast mainly. There is no 

 stem. The leaves are shorter than the flower- 

 stalks, silky. The flowers are purple. The plant 

 is 4-9 in. high. It flowers in June and July, and 

 is a herbaceous perennial. 



ORDER ROSACE^E 



Alpine Cinquefoil (Potentilla Salisburgensis, 

 Haenke = P. alpestris, Hall, fil = P. Crantzii, 

 Beck. = P. maculata P. rubens, Vill. P. villosa, 

 Zimm. = P. aurea, I. K.). The habitat of this plant 

 is rocky alpine ledges, mountains, alpine pastures. 

 The habit is ascending. The plant is related to 

 P. verna, of which it may be a large form, with 

 larger, less blunt leaflets, and larger flowers, 

 sometimes spotted. The radical leaves are 5- 

 lobed. The leaflets are inversely ovate, or wedge- 

 shaped, deeply scalloped or toothed above the 

 middle, the teeth unequal, 4 on each side, green 

 below, hairy. The stipules are ovate. The flowers 

 are several, yellow, with orange spots. The outer 



