IO2 PI ant- life of the Oxford District 







Ceanolhus Veitchianus, California, 1859. 



Choisya ternata, Mexico. 1825. 



Clematis Jackmanni (hybrids) 1862. 



Cotoneaster Simonsii, India, 1869. 



Cydoniajaponica, Japan, 1815. 



Euonymus japonicus, Japan, 1804. 



Fuchsia macrostema, hybrid Riccartoni^ 1830. 



Jasminum nudiflorum, China, 1844. 



Leycesteriaformosa.) Himalya, 1824. 



Ligustrum japonicum, Japan, 1845. 



Oharia Haastii, New Zealand, 1858. 



Prunus Pissardi, Persia, 1881. 



Prunus cerasifera, 1864, Myrobolan Plum, S. Europe. 



Ribes sanguineum, NW. America, 1826. 



Spiraea ariae/olia, N W.America, 1830. 



Spiraea Lindleyana, Himalya, 1845. 



Siaphylea colchica, Caucasus, 1879. 



Symphoricarpus racemosus, N. America, 1818. 



Veronica Tr aver sit, New Zealand, 1873. 



Wistaria sinensts, China, 1816. 



Also as forest-trees, largely grown as garden shrubs and park-specimens, 

 all evergreen : 



A fries nobilis, Oregon, 1831. 



Cedrus Deodar a, Himalya, 1831. 



Chamaecyparis Lawsoniana, California, 1853. 



Chamaecyparis Nootkatensis, British Columbia, 1850. 



Cupressus macrocarpa, Monterey, 1838. 



Pimis austriaca, Austria, 1835. 



Pinus insignis, Monterey, 1833. 



Pinus excelsa, Himalya, 1827. 



Pseudotsuga Douglasii, California, 1827. 



Sequoia sempervirens, California, 1 846. 



Sequoia gigantea, California, 1853. 



Thuya (Biota) orientalis, Japan, 1860. 



Thujya gigantea, NW. America, 1853. 



The case of the introduced aliens of garden-cultivation, as herbaceous 

 perennials and annuals, requires separate consideration : that of the alien 

 tree and shrub is more significant as affecting the general appearance of the 

 landscape and roadsides. As contrasted with the present abundance of 

 introduced trees, flowering shrubs, and evergreen Conifers, the poverty of 

 the older flora is pathetically illustrated by the early English practice 

 of planting evergreens around the Churches, to give some appearance of life 

 and greenery during the six long winter months Yew and Ivy being the 

 only available plants, with Holly for Christmas decoration, and the ' Palm ' 

 (Salix caprea o*) at Easter. Yet neither Yew nor Holly is now found 

 growing locally except where planted. 



The same people who did this would show the greatest avidity in 

 obtaining other plants from the Continent and South Europe, to ameliorate 

 the wretched outlook of the clay countryside in cold, wet, and dark winter. 

 Older English literature testifies to the affection felt for the early Primrose, 

 Violets, Cowslip, Pansy, and Cuckoo-Flowers, as well as the ubiquitous 

 Buttercups, Daisies, and Dandelions of the pastures, and the Blackthorn, 

 Hawthorn, Crab Apple, and Elder of the Waste. 



The poverty of the local aboriginal flora may be visualized by abstract- 

 ing from the present landscape all the Common Elms, Huntingdon Elms 

 Lombardy Poplars, Black Italian Poplars, the pollarded Willows, the Limes 



