RUFFED GROUSE PARTRIDGE. 



Bonasa umbellus. 

 Bonos a umbellus to gat a, 

 Bonasa umbellus umbelloides, 

 Bonasa umbellus sabini. 



The ruffed grouse is peculiar to North America, and 

 is found mainly in the Transition and Canadian life 

 zones. Ornithologists recognize four geographical 

 races in different sections of the continent. Of these 

 four forms, the typical species (Bonasa umbellus) in- 

 habits the eastern United States as far north as north- 

 ern Massachusetts, thence westward to and beyond 

 the Mississippi River; in southern Vermont, southern 

 New York, through Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin and 

 southern Minnesota, touching the eastern portions of 

 North and South Dakota, eastern Nebraska, eastern 

 Kansas and Missouri, northern Arkansas, Tennessee, 

 Kentucky, and in the Alleghanies to Georgia. The 

 ruffed grouse of northern New England, northern New 

 York, northern Michigan and eastern Oregon, known 

 as B. umbellus togata, the Canada ruffed grouse, is 

 found also northward to Nova Scotia, Manitoba, cen- 

 tral Keewatin, southern Ungava and British Columbia. 

 The gray ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus umbelloides} 

 occurs in the central Rocky Mountains, from Colorado, 



139 



