THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FEEDINGSTUFFS 13 



smallest amounts of crude protein, in most cases ranging 

 from 1 to 7 per cent. 



Table 3. 



Percentages of Crude Protein in the Different 

 Classes of Feedingstuffs ^ 



Roots 1 to 2 Cereal grains 



Silage 



Grass pastures . 

 Milk and milk-prod- 

 ucts 



Straws 



Leguminous pastures , 

 Stovers and fodders , 



1 to 

 1 to 



3 to 

 3 to 



3 to 



4 to 13 



Grass hays . . . . 5 to 9 



Leguminous hays 

 Cereal by-products 

 Oil-bearing seeds . 

 Leguminous seeds 

 Oil by-products 

 Packinghouse by 

 products . . . 



9 to 12 

 13 to 13 

 10 to 19 

 16 to 23 

 20 to 36 

 18 to 45 



24 to 84 



CARBOHYDRATES 



The carbohydrates are of very great importance to plant 

 life. They are the most abundant constituent of the vege- 

 table kingdom. They not only make up the cell walls 

 of the plant, but it is in the form of carbohydrates that 

 most plants store up reserve food material in the cell itself. 

 They are present also in very minute amounts in many 

 animal tissues in the form of glycogen or animal starch. 

 Glycogen is found in largest amounts in the liver. A small 

 amount of the sugar glucose is usually found in the blood 

 and muscles. Carbohydrates are the most abundant 

 nutrient in most feedingstuffs, which fact, together with 

 their relative cheapness, makes them of especial importance 

 to the stock-feeder. 



Familiar forms of the carbohydrates are glucose or grape 

 sugar, sucrose or cane sugar, lactose or milk sugar, the starches, 

 as corn, wheat, and potato starch, and cellulose or vegetable fiber. 



* These vahies represent the upper and lower limits of the average crude 

 protein content of the common feedingstuffs included under each class. 



