THE CEREAL BY-PRODUCTS 193 



to oats in feeding value. Relatively, they are usually cheaper 

 than either oats or bran. They also may be used satis- 

 factorily for fattening animals, if their price will permit. 

 Owing to their fibrous nature, only small amounts can be 

 utilized by the hog. Distillers' grains should always be 

 used as a supplement to less nitrogenous concentrates. 



Distillers' dried grains are often sold on the market under 

 a different name, such as gluten feed or some trade name, in 

 order to hide their true identity, as many people would not 

 buy them under their true name. 



Hominy feed, meal, or chop is a mixture of the bran 

 coating, the germ, and a part of the starchy portion of the 

 corn kernel obtained as a by-product in the manufacture 

 of hominy for human consumption. It contains about 11 

 per cent protein, 5 per cent crude fiber, 65 per cent nitrogen- 

 free extract, and 7 per cent fat. It is quite similar to corn 

 in chemical composition and in feeding value. However, 

 it is no more valuable than corn, and consequently should not 

 be purchased unless it is cheaper than corn. It is especially 

 valuable for fattening animals and for milk cows, but its 

 use is subject to the same hmitations as that of corn. 



WHEAT BY-PRODUCTS 



Most of the wheat by-products come from the manufacture 

 of flour for human consumption. The principal by-products 

 used in stock feeding are bran, shorts, middhngs, red dog 

 flour, shipstuff, and wheat screenings. 



When wheat first enters the flour mill, it is screened, 

 separating out the broken and shrunken kernels, weed seed, 

 dirt, and other impurities. The screenings are often sold 

 on the market as stock feed under the name of wheat screen- 



