THE CEREAL BY-PRODUCTS 195 



also has a slight laxative effect upon the animal which is 

 much valued by feeders. It ordinarily is not used as the 

 sole concentrate, but as a supplement to some more con- 

 centrated feed. 



For Growing Stock. — Bran is an excellent supplementary 

 feed for nearly all classes of growing stock. It should be 

 remembered, however, that it is quite deficient in lime, 

 which is essential to the proper growth of the bones. Henry 

 and Morrison ^ state that horses heavily fed on bran some- 

 times suffer from a form of rickets, known to horsemen as 

 ^' bran disease," which seriously affects their bones. Thus 

 bran should be fed with feeds which are rich in lime, such as 

 the legumes. 



For calves and growing cattle, bran and ground corn in 

 the proportion of two parts of the former to one of the latter 

 make an excellent combination of concentrates if it is not 

 too expensive. It also should be used when feeding heavy 

 feeds, as barley or rye meal. Young cattle which are being 

 wintered without the use of clover, alfalfa, or other legume 

 hay will make good use of two or three pounds of bran per 

 day. Because of its physical effect, bran is considered a 

 very valuable addition to the ration of colts. As stated pre- 

 viously, it should be fed with feeds which are rich in lime. 

 Bran is too bulky and fibrous to constitute a large part of 

 the pig's ration. At present prices it is also entirely too 

 expensive for this purpose. It may be used to advantage 

 for young lambs if fed in small amounts. It is too bulky 

 to be used as the major part of the concentrates. 



For Fattening Stock. — As the chemical composition and 

 the energy value indicate, bran is not a fattening feed. On 



1 " Feeds and Feeding," p. 157. 



