THE CEREAL BY-PRODUCTS 205 



Buckwheat By-products.^ — The by-products of buck- 

 wheat are shorts and middhngs, obtained in the manu- 

 facture of buckwheat flour. They are that portion of the 

 buckwheat grain immediately inside of the hull after separa- 

 tion from the flour. They are considerably higher in protein 

 than wheat shorts and middUngs. They are valuable feeds, 

 especially for dairy cows and hogs. Care should be taken 

 that the ground hulls, which are worthless, are not mixed 

 with them. The ground hulls are sometimes mixed with 

 the middUngs and sold as buckwheat bran or feed. 



1 Although buckwheat is not a cereal botauically, it is usually classed aa 

 such for commercial purposes. 



