CHAPTER XI 



THE OIL BY-PRODUCTS 



The oil bj^-products are the residues from the oil-bearing 

 seeds after the removal of the oil. The principal oil by-prod- 

 ucts in this country are obtained from flaxseed and cotton- 

 seed. Of minor importance are soybean cake, sesame cake, 

 peanut cake, sunflower-seed cake, rape-seed cake, coconut 

 cake, and corn-germ cake. Most of these latter are of more 

 importance in Europe. 



FLAXSEED BY-PRODUCTS 



The by-products of flaxseed are '' old process " linseed 

 oil cake or meal, *' new process " linseed oil meal, flax feed, 

 flax plant by-product, and unscreened flax oil feed. 



Linseed oil cake or meal often is spoken of as simply 

 oil cake or meal, or linseed cake or meal. Two methods are 

 used in obtaining the oil from flaxseed. In the first, or 

 '' old process " method the seeds are crushed, heated wdth 

 steam, and the oil removed by subjecting the crushed seeds 

 to an enormous pressure. After the removal of the oil by 

 the pressure process, the residue is a hard, board-like cake 

 about 1 inch thick, 1 foot wide, and three feet long. It 

 may be sold in this form as old process Unseed cake or, as 

 is more often the case, it may be ground to a meal of varying 

 degrees of fineness and sold as old process linseed meal. It is 



206 



