72 ON ITER XYI. OF ^VNTONINUS. 



Elvod ; Duhrithis, D^'vric. And now, if we take Ihern and put 

 w for b we shall have Iicern, the name of the stream that runs 

 under Hod-hill, and gives name to the parishes of Iweme 

 Minster and Iwerne Courtney. I myself believe from the 

 Latin bern in Ibcrnium that it must have been at or by a moor 

 (British, Givcrn, soft shape, icern), and a moor of the kind in 

 which the alder thrives, as it is called Gwern or y pren tvern, 

 the moor tree ; and I believe, moreover, that it was Hod-hill. 

 Gwern, ivern, has come into many British-place names, and is 

 now found in "Wales. Bwlch-gwern-hir, the Longmoor gap, near 

 Llansantffraid ; Melin y ivern, Moor-mill; Giccrnogle, 'M.oory ■^Iq.qq; 

 Pe7igwern, Moorhead, the old British name of Shrewsbury ; 

 Gtcyddel-wern, Woody-moor, near Corwen ; Gwern-ddu, Black- 

 moor. Now, Yiv is the name of a spring, the head of a stream 

 the Tweyi, at a spot called Llygad Yw, the eye of Yw in 

 Ystrad Yw (the Vale of Yw, in "Wales), and I think that 

 the little spring or brook Iivern is of the same name Yw, or at 

 full length Y Yw Wern, the Moorbrook, and this is the word 

 which by the Koman moulding of British words would become 

 Ibernium. The geographer of Eavenna, in his list of stead- 

 names, taken from west to east, puts Ibernium next before 

 Vindogladia (Gussage Cowdown?), and thus, if he had not 

 skipped from side to side, and even backward and forward, he 

 might have shown that Ibernium must be Hod-hill. 



VINDOGLADIA VENTAGLADIA 



Is the name given in the Iter as that of a halt-stead above 

 Dorchester, and xii. Eoman, or about 11 English, miles below 

 Old Sarum. 



Sir Eichard Hoare thought, as later writers think, that he 

 had found the site of it at some earthworks on Gussage Cow- 

 down by the Icen way. This spot is said to be 16 English miles 

 from Old Sarum, and 16 English miles would be nearly 18, not 

 12, Eoman miles, as the waybook puts it, from Old Sarum. 

 This is puzzling, and it has been said that the miles on the Iter 

 are untrue. They should be xvi. Yes, I say, xviii. How came 



