262 BACTERIOLOGY 



Bacterium sulphureum. Eosenheim found different 

 bacteria in urine which form sulphuretted hydrogen therein 

 and do not liquefy gelatine. 



Holschewnikoff isolated a micro-organism from mud, 

 which generates the same gas, and is also, although rarely, 

 to be met with in urine. It consists of fine rods with 

 rounded ends, and endowed with a slow motility. Their 

 development causes liquefaction of the gelatine. Upon 

 plate-cultures there form small punctate colonies, which 

 sink inwards in funnel form during liquefaction. In 

 thrust-cultures the superficial colonies are white, the deep 

 reddish-brown. A viscid grey layer forms rapidly on agar ; 

 but on potato development takes place only when air is 

 excluded, the growth being reddish-brown. 



Bacillus septicus vesicae. In persons suffering from 

 cystitis and pyelonephritis Clado found, amongst numerous 

 other microbes, an organism showing motile rods, mostly 

 isolated, and which develop ovoid spores. They take up 

 aniline stains readily, and do not discharge their colour 

 under Gram's process. Gelatine is not liquefied. Upon the 

 plate there develop punctiform colonies, which, however, do 

 not go beyond a pin's head in size. In thrust-cultures the 

 deeply-seated colonies appear larger than the superficial, 

 and the latter unite to form a delicate opalescent film. On 

 agar there develops a delicate coating, and upon this minute 

 circular shining milk-white colonies grow. Both gelatine 

 and agar quickly become alkaline. Growth in bouillon is 

 particularly abundant, and a dry, light-brown layer develops 

 upon potato. 



ITrobacillus liquefaciens. Schnitzler has found a bacillus 

 in cystitis to which the above name has been given, and 

 which is apparently identical with the Urobacillns liquefa- 

 ciens septicus discovered by Krogius in cystitis and pyelo- 

 nephritis. It consists of short motile rods rounded at the 



