VIOLARIE^:. 29 



at base. Stamens hypogynous, the adnate anthers connivent over the 

 pistil, broad, often coherent, the connectives of the two lower often bear- 

 ing spurs which project into the spur of the petal. Ovary 1-celled, with 

 3 parietal placentae; style clavate; stigma 1-sided. Capsule 3-valved; the 

 valves bearing the seeds along the middle. 



* Acaulescent. 



1. V. ODOBATA, Eenealm. Eootstock stout, branching, stoloniferous; 

 leaves round-cordate, obtuse, crenate, more or less villous or glabrate, on 

 petioles 3 10 in. long: peduncles shorter than the leaves: fl. large, 

 violet, fragrant. Occasionally spontaneous, as an escape from gardens. 



* * Stems short or elongated, leafy. 

 i Leaves undivided; flowers not yellow. 



2. Y. canina, L., var. adunca, Gray. Scarcely stoloniferous, mostly 

 tufted and low, 26 in. high, glabrous or puberulent: leaves ovate or 

 ovate-oblong, with subcordate or almost truncate base, obtuse, or rarely 

 acutish, obscurely crenate, % 1^ in. long; stipules narrowly lanceolate, 

 lacerate-toothed : fl. rather large, violet, turning to red-purple; lateral 

 petals bearded; spur variable, much shorter than the petals, or quite as 

 long, usually straight and obtuse. Common on grassy hilltops along the 

 seaboard. Feb. May. 



3. V. ocellata, Torr. & Gray. Erect or ascending, % 1 ft. high, 

 nearly glabrous, or pubescent: leaves cordate or cordate-ovate, 

 acutish, crenate, 1 2 in. long; stipules scarious, entire or slightly 

 lacerate: petals 57 lines long, the upper ones white within, deep purple 

 without, the others pale yellow-veined with purple, the lateral ones with 

 a purple spot near the base, and slightly bearded. Woods of the 

 Coast Range. Apr. June. 



-i H Leaves undivided; fl. yellow within, often brown-purple without. 



4. V. glabella, Nutt. Stems slender from a creeping roofstock, 

 nearly or quite leafless below, 512 in. high; minutely pubescent or 

 glabrous : radical leaves on long, the cauline on short petioles, reniform- 

 cordate to cordate, acute, crenately toothed or crenulate, 1 4 in. broad; 

 stipules usually small and scarious, entire or serrulate: fl. bright-yellow, 

 Y z in. long; petals more or less purple-nerved, the lateral ones bearded: 

 capsule obovate-oblong, 4 5 lines long, abruptly beaked. In wet 

 shades among the higher hills. 



5. V. peduuculata, Torr. & Gray. Stems 26 in. long, prostrate or 

 assurgent ; almost glabrous or puberulent : leaves rhombic-cordate, 

 usually almost truncate at the broad base, obtuse, coarsely crenate, % 1^ 

 in. long; stipules foliaceous, narrowly lanceolate, entire or incised: 



