148 UMBELLIFER^l. 



narrow, rigid, spinescent at lip and spinose-toothed, 1 in. long or less; 

 bractlets similar: fr. with lanceolate acuminate-cuspidate calyx-lobes 

 exceeding the short styles. With the last. 



3. E. petiolatum, Hook. Erect, 1 5 ft. high, branching above: rad- 

 ical leaves oblanceolale, irregularly spinose-serrate, narrowed to an elon- 

 gated fistulous petiole, or the very lowest reduced to a long terete petiole; 

 cauline mostly sessile : heads peduncled, globose, % in. high; involucral 

 bracts linear-lanceolate, spinosely tipped and toothed, often 1 in. long; 

 bracllels lanceolate, cuspidate-tipped, little exceeding the flowers, scari- 

 ous-winged below: fr. with calyx-lobes like the bractlets but smaller, 

 shorter than the long styles. Perhaps not in our district. 



4. E. artieulatiini, Hook. More or less branching, erect, decumbent 

 or rarely prostrate: radical and lower leaves consisting of a long artic- 

 ulated petiole with or without a small lanceolate entire or laciniate 

 blade; cauline sessile: bracts of involucre % in. long, exceeding the 

 heads, linear, cuspidate, spinosely toothed; bractlets tricuspidate, little 

 exceeding the flowers, the central cusp largest: calyx-lobes lanceolate, 

 cuspidate, little exceeding the styles. Var. microcephalnm, C. & E. 

 Very small and slender: bracts ovate -acuminate, little surpassing the 

 heads, these only 23 lines long; calyx-lobes short-mucronate. In 

 swamps and wet meadows. 



5. E. Harknessii, Ourran. Slender, not rigid, dichotomously branch- 

 ing, 3 4 ft. high : leaves much as in the last, but blade of the lowest with 

 perfectly entire and unarmed margin; cauline petiolate, sparingly soft- 

 spinuloseon the margin: heads round-ovate, % in. high, blue: bracts of 

 the involucre longer than the head but deflexed: calyx-segments subulate, 

 pungently mucronate, equalling the long styles. In the Suisun Marsh. 

 August October. 



4. SA.NICULA., Brunfels (SANICLE). Glabrous perennials (n. 1 bien- 

 nial), with chiefly radical leaves, these mostly palmately divided and 

 sometimes subdivided. Flowers unisexual, in irregularly compound 

 few-rayed umbels; these in volucrate with sessile leaf -like usually toothed 

 bracts; the bracts of the involucels usually small and entire. Calyx-teeth 

 persistent. Fruit subglobose or obovoid, densely uncinate- prickly or 

 tuberculate; ribs obsolete; oil-tubes many. 



* Mature fruit pedicelled; leaves palmately lobed or divided. 



1. S. Menziesii, Hook. & Arn. Biennial: stem solitary, erect, branch- 

 ing loosely above, 25 ft. high: leaves 2 3 in. broad, of rounded outline, 

 but with deep broad lobes and cordate base, the shining surface delicately 

 i-nifinte; the 35 lobes sharply toothed, the teeth setaceously tipped; 

 involucre small, of 2 or 3 narrow leaflets; the involucels of 6 8 lanceo- 



