II E LI A NT HA C E ^ . 189 



1. E. alba (L.),O. Ktze. Annual, 13 ft. high, decumbent, minutely 

 strigose-pubescent: leaves lanceolate or oblong, sparingly serrate, sessile, 

 or the lower short-petioled: peduncles from the upper axils long or 

 short; rays about equalling the disk: disk-achenes corky-margined, 

 truncate. Banks of the lower Sacramento, Jepson. Sept., Oct. 



32. BALSAMORRHIZA, Nuttall Rather coarse but low acaulescent 

 perennials, with thick roots which exude a terebinthine balsam, and 

 bear a tuft of long-petioled leaves and several monocephalous scapes. 

 Involucre broad; bracts large, imbricated. Chaff of receptacle linear- 

 lanceolate. Kays large, fertile. Achenes destitute of pappus, those of 

 the ray oblong, of the disk quadrangular. 



1. B. Hookeri, Nutt. Canescent with a fine appressed pubescence : 

 leaves a foot long, once or twice pinnately parted, lanceolate in outline : 

 scape often 2-leaved near the base: involucral bracts linear or lanceolate, 

 acuminate. Hills of Sonoma and Alameda counties; rare. 



33. WYETHIA, Nuttall. Vegetative characters of Balsamorrhiza, 

 but the stout stems in our species leafy. Achenes prismatic-quadrangu- 

 lar, crowned with a short pappus of united or nearly distinct rigid 

 scales or awns. 



1. W. helenioides (DC.), Nutt. Hoary-tomentose when young, glabrate 

 in age: radical leaves oblong, 1 1^ ft. long, 48 in. wide: cauline half 

 as large, all contracted into a short petiole: heads leafy at base: outer 

 involucral bracts ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, sometimes toothed: achenes 

 more or less pubescent at summit; pappus more or less united at base. 

 Common on elevated hillsides. March May. 



2. W. id a bra, Gray. Size and habit of the preceding; green and 

 glabrous; achenes and pappus glabrous, the lobes of the latter ciliolate. 

 Hills of Marin Co. April, May. 



3. W. angustifolia(DC.),Nutt. Stems scapiform, with a few reduced 

 leaves toward the base, 1 2 ft. high, more or less hirsute: radical leaves 

 1 1% ft. long, elongated-lanceolate, acuminate at both ends: head naked; 

 bracts of involucre many, broadly linear or lanceolate, foliaceous, loose, 

 ciliate with villous or hirsute hairs: achenes crowned with 14 stout 

 hirsute awns, with some short intervening scales. Very common on dry 

 plains and low hills. May, June. 



34. HELIANTHUS, Linn. (SUNFLOWER). Annuals and perennials. 

 Leaves simple, the lowest of them opposite. Heads peduncled. Kays 

 conspicuous, yellow. Disk-corollas yellow or dark purple, with short 

 tube and long cylindric throat. Chaffy bracts of receptacle partly 

 embracing the compressed-quadrangular or 2-edged achenes. Pappus a 

 pair of caducous thin scales, with occasionally a few intervening ones. 



