CICHORIACE^. 223 



oblong-turbinate, 2 lines long: pappus-palese ovate-lanceolate, brownish, 

 only half or a third the length of the similarly brownish awn. Along 

 the seaboard chiefly, in sandy soil; extremely variable, if not indeed an 

 aggregate of two or more species. April June. 



7. M. acnmina'ta, Greene. Only a span high, but heads elongated; 

 leaves deeply pinnatifid into slender lobes: achenes slenderly fusiform- 

 turbinate, nearly 3 lines long, the pappus nearly % in. long; palese 

 narrowly lanceolate, the awn shorter than the palea. Plains and mountain 

 valleys from Sonoma Co. to Solano. April, May. 



8. SCORZONELLA, Nutt. Stems erect, from a fusiform perennial 

 root, parted into several pedunculiform monocephalous branches, and 

 leafy mostly at base. Leaves lanceolate, coarsely toothed, or pinnatifid 

 into narrow segments, or some entire. Heads large, nodding in bud; 

 ligules elongated, yellow, the expanded head therefore showy. Involucre 

 cylindraceous-ovoid, more or less imbricated. Achenes cylindric, with 

 10 or more obscure angles. Pappus of 10 or more scabrous- or barbel- 

 lulate-awned long or short firm palese. 



1. S. silvatica, Benth. Mostly simple and monocephalous, 12 ft. 

 high: head 1 in. high, 30 40- flowered: bracts of involucre in 3 or 4 

 series, the outer ovate or ovate-lanceolate, abruptly acuminate, the inner 

 lanceolate, gradually acuminate: ligules glandular-puberulent: palese of 

 the pappus lanceolate, as long as the achene, tapering into the subplumose 

 awn which is somewhat longer. Hills and plains along the eastern base 

 of the Mt. Diablo Range. 



2. S. paladosa, Greene. Sterns several, 2 ft. high or more, strictly 

 erect: leaves subentire to laciniate-parted into long and very narrow 

 segments: head 50 75-flowered; bracts all tapering frorn a lanceolate 

 base into a long slender acumination: achene 2 lines long: pappus 

 brownish, the lanceolate palex little more than a line long, the barbellulate 

 awn 45 lines. Low moist plains, from Marin Co. to Solano. 



3. S. Bolanderi (Gray), Greene. About 1 ft. high, the scapiform 

 branches leafy at base only and decumbent: leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 entire, or with linear lobes above the middle: bracts all gradually atten- 

 uate from a broad base, rather regularly imbricated: pappus brown, 

 5 lines long, the ovate palea % line. Marin Co., in wet places. April. 



4. S. maxima, Bioletti. Very stout, 2 4 ft. high, leafy -stemmed, 

 the branches long and erect: leaves 1 ft. long, 2 in. wide, entire or barely 

 somewhat toothed: heads very broad, 400-flowered; bracts of involucre 

 from ovate, acute, to lanceolate-acuminate: achenes % in. long, the 

 pappus almost white; lanceolate palea \% lines long, the merely scabrous 

 awn 5 or 6 lines. At Los Guilucos. June, July. 



