CUPULIFER^:. 303 



}*j 1 in. wide. Scarcely other than small trees, or mere shrubs, of this 

 species within our limits; but such forms common on the higher 

 mountains, like Diablo and Tamalpais. 



* * Stigmas on long styles; bark dark-colored', wood reddish', 

 foliage bright green. BLACK OAKS. 



6. Q. agrifolia, Nee. Large tree, in our district mostly of low stature 

 and widely spreading, the trunks or main branches often several from 

 near the ground and ascending; tree not properly evergreen, but foliage 

 persisting for a year: leaves oval to oblong or obovoid, 2 3 in. long, 

 sinuately spinose-dentate, somewhat stellate-pubescent when young, in 

 maturity mostly convex above, pale and glabrous beneath: acorns annual 

 sessile or nearly so; nut rather narrow and tapering, 1 1^ in. long, 

 3 4 lines thick; cup turbinate, rather deep, with lanceolate imbricated 

 slightly pubescent brown scales. Common along streams, and in more 

 open ground; at San Francisco only a large arborescent shrub. 



7. Q. Wislizeni, A. DO. Eesembling the last, but evergreen; leaves 

 more coriaceous and lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, commonly acute 

 and less sinuately spinose-dentate: acorns biennial: cup turbinate, very 

 deep; nut much as in the last Less frequent in our district; but small 

 forms common on the higher hills and mountains. 



8. Q. Morehus, Kell. Small tree (2040 ft.), straight and symmet- 

 rical, or more lax and straggling: leaves subpersistent and rather coria- 

 ceous, oblong-lanceolate, 34 in. long, acutish at base and long-pe Holed, 

 the margin coarsely sinuate-toothed and teeth subulate from a broad 

 base: acorns biennial, solitary, on peduncles % in. long; cup hemispher- 

 ical, with glabrous ovate scales ciliate below; nut oblong, obtuse, two- 

 thirds exserted from the cup. Marin and Contra Costa counties, and 

 northward; nowhere plentiful; possibly a hybrid between the preceding 

 and the next. 



9. ((. Kelloggii, Newb. Middle-sized tree, not very symmetrical; 

 bark of trunk rough, black: leaves ample, deciduous, broadly oval or 

 obovoid, 46 in. long, pinnately lobed, the lobes tapering and entire, or 

 broad and coarsely toothed, at first tomentose, at length glabrous: 

 acorns biennial mostly on peduncles % 1 in. long, often several 

 together; cup hemispherical, rather deep, with ovate-lanceolate obtusish 

 scales; nut oblong, obtuse, 1 in. long or more. In the mountains chiefly, 

 or along their bases in low valleys. 



* * * Aments erect; flowers whitish; cup echinale. 



10. (J. densiflora, Hook. & Arn. Middle-sized or large symmetrical 

 evergreen, with smooth bark and tomentose branchlets: leaves oblong, 

 acute, 2 6 in. long, coarsely and rather remotely spinulose-serrate, with 

 strong feather-veins running from the midrib to each tooth, tomentose 



