304 CORYLACE.E. 



beneath, in age glabrate above: acorns solitary or in short-peduncled 

 clusters; cup shallow, covered with linear or linear-subulate spreading 

 scales and silky-tonientose within; nut very hard, oval or oblong, indis- 

 tinctly trigonous at summit. Moist woods of the Coast Eange. 



11. Q. ecliinoides, R. Br. Campst. Shrub bushy and low, 312 ft. 

 high: leaves mostly 1 3 in. long, oblong, obtuse, entire or crenate and 

 more or less revolute, the feather veins obsolete toward the margin: nut 

 more elongated than in the last; cup with longer softer more or less 

 tortuous linear appendages. Hillsides of the inner coast ranges, mostly 

 northward beyond our limits; but occurring at the Petrified Forest, 

 Sonoma Co. 



2. CASTANEA, Brunfels. Differing from the type of Quercus in that 

 the staminate aments are erect, and sometimes panicled, and the pistil- 

 late in involucres situate at base of these. Nuts 1 several, enclosed in 

 a pungently prickly at length dehiscent involucre. 



1. C. chrysophylla, Dougl. Arborescent, erect, seldom 30 ft. high 

 with us (much larger at the north), evergreen : leaves coriaceous, lanceo- 

 late, acuminate or acute, 14 in. long, densely yellowish-scurfy beneath : 

 stout spines of involucre % 1 in. long subverticillately branching : nut 

 usually solitary, obtusely trigonous, % in. long. 



OBDEB LXXXVII. CORYLACE>E. 



Allied to the preceding order; represented here by one species of 



1. CORYLUS, Vergil. Monoecious shrubs, with alternate simple 

 leaves. Staminate flowers in pendulous aments appearing before the 

 leaves. Stamens 4 to each obovate bract. Pistillate flowers in a short 

 spike, 2 flowers to each bract, with small bractlets which become an 

 involucre to the subglobose woody-shelled smooth nut. 



1. C. rostrata, Ait. var. Californica, A. DC. Shrub seldom less 

 than 8 ft., sometimes 20 ft. high, slender, with ascending and at last 

 widely spreading branches : leaves broadly ovate or oval, 2 4 in. long, 

 acute or abruptly acuminate, cordate or rounded at base, pubescent or 

 even hirsute: fruiting involucre densely hispid, the bracts unitedly pro- 

 longed above the nut into a short broad tube; nut % in. thick. By 

 streams in the foothills and lower mountains, usually in the shade. 



